MA Research Paper

Degree

Master of Arts

Program

Sociology

Supervisor

Dr. Jasmine Ha

Abstract

Despite having comparable levels of human capital, minority populations in Canada nonetheless face substantial economic inequities in comparison to non-minority groups. Using data from the Individuals File, 2021 Census of Population, Public Use Microdata Files (PUMF), this paper focuses on Black and White Canadians who are employed full-time to investigate the patterns of income disparities and consider two primary theoretical explanations, namely Human Capital Theory and Critical Race Theory. This result demonstrate significant income discrepancies between demographic groupings at the intersection of race and immigration status despite equivalent educational levels. While more education corresponds with better income across all four groups, White immigrants, Black immigrants, White non-immigrants, and Black non-immigrants, income improvements are significantly smaller among Black non-immigrants and immigrants, relative to their White counterparts. These findings underline the importance of targeted policies and initiatives to address the root causes of this persisting economic inequality.

Download

Included in

Sociology Commons

Share

COinS