Neurology
The Neurology collection includes images and videos of various neurology exams, including reflexes, sensory exams, motor, and more.
To find out more information about the Health Education Media Library project, including details on how to get involved, visit: https://uwo.ca/fhs//education/oer/index.html
The Neurology Collection is curated by Courtney Casserly, MD, FRCPC Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences; Assistant professor, Schulich School of Medicine.
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Motor Testing: Wrist Flexion
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Mainly flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) - C8-T1, ulnar nerve; but also flexor carpi radialis (FCR) - C7-8, median nerve.
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Movement disorder exam: drawing loops (cursive)
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder exam: drawing loops (cursive)
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Movement disorder exam: drawing loops (cursive)
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder exam: drawing loops (cursive)
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Movement disorder exam: drawing loops (cursive)
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder exam: drawing loops (cursive)
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Movement disorder exam for parkinsonism; looking for a distal tremor
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder exam for parkinsonism; looking for a distal tremor
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Movement disorder exam for parkinsonism; looking for a distal tremor
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder exam for parkinsonism; looking for a distal tremor
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Movement disorder exam for parkinsonism; looking for a distal tremor
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder exam for parkinsonism; looking for a distal tremor
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Movement disorder exam for parkinsonism: pull test
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder exam for parkinsonism: pull test
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Movement disorder exam for parkinsonism: pull test
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder exam for parkinsonism: pull test
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Movement disorder exam for tremor: drawing spiral
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder exam for tremor: drawing spiral
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Movement disorder exam for tremor: drawing spiral
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder exam for tremor: drawing spiral
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Movement disorder exam for tremor; drawing spiral inside of spiral (tremor)
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder exam for tremor; drawing spiral inside of spiral (tremor)
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Movement disorder exam for tremor; pouring water, looking for action tremor
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder exam for tremor; pouring water, looking for action tremor
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Movement disorder exam for tremor; pouring water, looking for action tremor
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder exam for tremor; pouring water, looking for action tremor
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Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: testing tone in the right arm with augmentation manoeuvre in the left arm (hand open and close)
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Movement disorder examination for Parkinsonism: checking for rigid tone
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for Parkinsonism: checking for rigid tone
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Movement disorder examination for Parkinsonism: checking for rigid tone with augmentation manoever
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for Parkinsonism: checking for rigid tone with augmentation manoever
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Movement disorder examination for Parkinsonism: checking for spastic tone
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for Parkinsonism: checking for spastic tone
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Movement disorder examination for Parkinsonism: checking for spastic tone
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for Parkinsonism: checking for spastic tone
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Movement disorder examination for Parkinsonism: checking for tone
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for Parkinsonism: checking for tone
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Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: cursive Es
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: cursive Es
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Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: finger tapping
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: finger tapping
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Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: finger tapping
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: finger tapping
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Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: finger tapping
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: finger tapping
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Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: heel tapping
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: heel tapping
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Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: heel tapping
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: heel tapping
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Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: heel tapping
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: heel tapping
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Movement disorder examination for Parkinsonism: postural vitals check
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for Parkinsonism: postural vitals check
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Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: "screwing in a lightbulb"
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: "screwing in a lightbulb"
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Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: "screwing in a lightbulb"
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: "screwing in a lightbulb"
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Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: spiral drawing
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: spiral drawing
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Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: spiral drawing
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: spiral drawing
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Movement disorder examination for Parkinsonism: spiral in a spiral (for tremor)
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for Parkinsonism: spiral in a spiral (for tremor)
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Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: standing from bed without arms
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: standing from bed without arms
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Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: standing from bed without arms
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: standing from bed without arms
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Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: testing tone in the leg
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: testing tone in the leg
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Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: testing tone in the leg
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: testing tone in the leg
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Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: writing
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for parkinsonism: writing
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Movement disorder examination for parkinsons: hand opening and closing
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for parkinsons: hand opening and closing
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Movement disorder examination for parkinsons: hand opening and closing
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder examination for parkinsons: hand opening and closing
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Movement disorder exam: looking for proximal tremor
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder exam: looking for proximal tremor
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Movement disorder exam: looking for tremor
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder exam: looking for tremor
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Movement disorder exam: tremor; testing writing
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder exam: tremor; testing writing
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Movement disorder exam: tremor; testing writing
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movement disorder exam: tremor; testing writing
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Movmemt disorder exam: looking for distal postural tremor
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movmemt disorder exam: looking for distal postural tremor
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Movmemt disorder exam: looking for distal postural tremor
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Movmemt disorder exam: looking for distal postural tremor
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National institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) item 5: arm motor
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
National institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) item 5: arm motor (arm at 45 degrees and held for 10 seconds)
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National institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) item 5: arm motor (arm at 45 degrees and held for 10 seconds)
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
National institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) item 5: arm motor (arm at 45 degrees and held for 10 seconds)
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National institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) item 6: motor leg (leg at 45 degrees and held for 5 seconds)
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
National institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) item 6: motor leg (leg at 45 degrees and held for 5 seconds)
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National institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) item 6: motor leg (leg at 45 degrees and held for 5 seconds)
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
National institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) item 6: motor leg (leg at 45 degrees and held for 5 seconds)
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National institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) item 7: limb ataxia (arm)
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
National institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) item 7: limb ataxia (arm)
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National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) item 7: limb ataxia (leg)
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) item 7: limb ataxia (leg)
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National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) item 7: limb ataxia (leg)
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) item 7: limb ataxia (leg)
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National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) item 9: best language (description of cookie jar picture)
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) item 9: best language (description of cookie jar picture)
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National Institute of Health Stroke Score (NIHSS) item 11 Extinction and Inattention (formerly neglect): sensory extinction legs
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
National Institute of Health Stroke Score (NIHSS) item 11 Extinction and Inattention (formerly neglect): sensory extinction legs
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National institute of health stroke score (NIHSS) item 2 best gaze: horizontal eye movements
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
National institute of health stroke score (NIHSS) item 2: best gaze: horizontal eye movements-examiner asks patient to "follow my finger" in a horizonatal direction only
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National institute of health stroke score (NIHSS) item 2 best gaze: horizontal eye movements
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
National institute of health stroke score (NIHSS) item 2: best gaze: horizontal eye movements
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National Institute of Health Stroke Score (NIHSS) item 4 facial power (squeeze eyes closed)
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
National Institute of Health Stroke Score (NIHSS) item 4 facial power (squeeze eyes closed)
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National Institute of Health Stroke Score (NIHSS) Item 9 Best Language: naming stroke card items
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
National Institute of Health Stroke Score (NIHSS) Item 9 Best Language: naming stroke card items
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Palpating muscle bulk (supine).
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Palpating muscle bulk in leg e.g. gastroc nemius and soleus, as well as anterior muscles of the lower leg (supine).
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patellar (knee jerk) reflex
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
striking the pateller (knee jerk) reflex femoral nerve L3, L4 with a tromner reflex hammer (hammer in motion, front handed technique)
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patellar (knee jerk) reflex (2)
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
striking the pateller (knee jerk) reflex femoral nerve L3, L4 with a tromner reflex hammer (back-handed technique)
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Patient in gown and mask sitting on the edge of the bed.
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Patient in gown and mask sitting on the edge of the bed.
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Patient sitting on edge of hospital bed.
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Patient sitting on the edge of a hospital bed in gown. Adequate exposure for upper extremities for neurological exam - inspection (can see arms and hands).
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positioning ankle for ankle jerk reflex
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
positioning ankle to elicit ankle jerk sciatic/tibial nerve S1, S2, knee at 90 degrees, foot gently and passily flexed to 90 degrees with patient relaxing
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positioning ankle for ankle jerk reflex supine
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
In bed, positioning for testing ankle jerk deep tendon reflex S1 S2 sciatic/tibial nerve by gently and passively dorsiflexing the foot.
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Positioning for testing knee extension (supine).
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Positioning for testing knee extension (quadriceps femoris L2
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Pull test front view (stability test when evaluating for parkinsonism)
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Pull test front view (stability test when evaluating for parkinsonism)
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Pull test side view (stability test when evaluating for parkinsonism)
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Pull test side view (stability test when evaluating for parkinsonism)
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Pull test side view (stability test when evaluating for parkinsonism)
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Pull test side view (stability test when evaluating for parkinsonism)
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Pull test side view (stability test when evaluating for parkinsonism)
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Pull test side view (stability test when evaluating for parkinsonism)
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Raising bed for exam
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
raising the bed for exam so that you do not have to bend over to examine patient's legs
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sensory exam: testing joint position sense hand
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Sensory exam; testing joint position sense at the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint in the hand, examiner has one hand on either side of the distal joint and is moving finger tip up/down (posterior columns spinal cord)
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sensory exam: testing joint position sense hand
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Sensory exam; testing joint position sense at the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint in the hand, examiner has one hand on either side of the distal joint and is moving finger tip up/down (posterior columns spinal cord)
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sensory exam: testing vibration hand
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Sensory exam: testing vibration sense at the distal interphalangeal joint of the first digit of the hand using a 128Hz tuning fork (posterior columns spinal cord)
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sensory exam: testing vibration hand
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Sensory exam: testing vibration sense at the distal interphalangeal joint of the first digit of the hand using a 128Hz tuning fork (posterior columns spinal cord)
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sensory exam: testing vibration knee
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Sensory exam: testing sensation to vibration at the knee using a 128Hz tuning fork (posterior columns spinal cord)-if absent to the knee, vibration sensation is abnormal, and tested only if absent below that level
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sensory exam: testing vibration toe
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Sensory exam: testing vibration sensation on the distal joint of the great toe using 128Hz tuning fork (posterior columns spinal cord)
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sensory exam: testing vibration toe
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Sensory exam: testing vibration sensation on the distal joint of the great toe using 128Hz tuning fork (posterior columns spinal cord)
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Sitting power exam: pronator drift.
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
patient sitting on edge of bed, hands extended palms up, tesitng pronator drift looking for subtle pyramidal weakness
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Sitting power exam: pronator drift.
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
patient sitting on edge of bed, hands extended palms up, tesitng pronator drift looking for subtle pyramidal weakness
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Sitting power exam: pronator drift.
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
patient sitting on edge of bed, hands extended palms up, tesitng pronator drift looking for subtle pyramidal weakness
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Sitting power exam: pronator drift (Medical Student)
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Medical Student testing pronator drift with patient sitting on the edge of the hospital bed. Clinican watching. (Teaching)
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Sternocleidomastoid CN XII (close up) activated
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Sternocleidomastoid (close up) activated as patient is looking away from the muscle and actively being pushed back to the midline, muscle has two heads (seen in picture)
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Sternocleidomastoid testing, cranial nerve XI
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Testing sternocleidomastoid (SCM) cranial nerve XI-examiner asks patient to actively turn head to one side and then puts hand on side of face and tries to push face back to midline
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supine knee jerk reflex (left)
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
putting arm under patient legs while supine in order to lift gently and passively flex knees in order to obtain knee jerk femoral nerve L3
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supine knee jerk reflex (right)
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
putting arm under patient legs while supine in order to lift gently and passively flex knees in order to obtain knee jerk femoral nerve L3
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supine positionning for knee jerk testing
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
putting arm under patient legs while supine in order to lift gently and passively flex knees in order to obtain knee jerk femoral nerve L3
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supine positionning for knee jerk testing (holding pants)
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
patient supine, gently and passively flexing the knees in order to position for ankle jerk reflex femoral nerve L3
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Testing axial tone
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Testing axial tone
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Testing axial tone
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Testing axial tone
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Testing axial tone
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Testing axial tone
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Testing axial tone
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Testing axial tone
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Testing extraocular movements
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Testing extraocular movements of the eyes (CN III, VI and VI)-examiner is watching as patient looks to her left
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Testing extraocular movements - cranial nerves III, IV and VI using the "H test"
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Testing extraocular movements - cranial nerves III, IV and VI using the "H test"-examiner ask patient to follow his finger with their eyes
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Testing extraocular movements - cranial nerves III, IV and VI using the "H test"
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Testing extraocular movements - cranial nerves III, IV and VI using the "H test"-examiner ask patient to follow his finger with their eyes, hold up eyelids to see eyes
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Testing extraocular movements - cranial nerves III, IV and VI using the "H test"
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Testing extraocular movements - cranial nerves III, IV and VI using the "H test"-examiner ask patient to follow his finger with their eyes, hold up eyelids to see eyes
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Testing extraocular movements - cranial nerves III, IV and VI using the "H test"
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Testing extraocular movements - cranial nerves III, IV and VI using the "H test"-examiner ask patient to follow his finger with their eyes, hold up eyelids to see eyes
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Testing extraocular movements - cranial nerves III, IV and VI using the "H test"
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Testing extraocular movements - cranial nerves III, IV and VI using the "H test"-examiner ask patient to follow his finger with their eyes, hold up eyelids to see eyes
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Testing extraocular movements - cranial nerves III, IV and VI using the "H test"
Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry
Testing extraocular movements - cranial nerves III, IV and VI using the "H test"-examiner ask patient to follow his finger with their eyes