Microbiology & Immunology Publications

Low vaginal pH and urinary-tract infection

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

9-1-2001

Journal

Trends in Microbiology

Volume

9

Issue

9

First Page

424

Last Page

428

URL with Digital Object Identifier

10.1016/S0966-842X(01)02132-1

Abstract

The concept that one bacterial species can interfere with the ability of another to colonize and infect the host has at its foundation the prerequisite that bacteria must attach to biological surfaces to cause infection. Although this is an over-simplification of pathogenesis, it has led to studies aimed at creating vaccines that block adhesion events. Arguably, the use of commensal bacteria (also referred to as 'normal flora', 'indigenous' or 'autochthonous' microorganisms) to inhibit pathogens has even greater potential than vaccine use, because these bacteria are natural competitors of pathogens and their action does not require host immune stimulation. Exogenous application of commensal organisms (probiotics) has been shown to reduce the risk of infections in the gut, urogenital tract and wound sites. To manipulate and optimize these effects, further studies are required to understand cell signaling amongst commensals and pathogens within biofilms adherent to host tissues. The potential for new therapeutic regimens using probiotics is significant and worthy of further study.

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