Supplemental Vitamins and Minerals for CVD Prevention and Treatment

Authors

David J.A. Jenkins, University of Toronto
J. David Spence, Robarts Research InstituteFollow
Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
Young in Kim, University of Toronto
Robert Josse, University of Toronto
Reinhold Vieth, University of Toronto
Sonia Blanco Mejia, University of Toronto
Effie Viguiliouk, University of Toronto
Stephanie Nishi, University of Toronto
Sandhya Sahye-Pudaruth, University of Toronto
Melanie Paquette, University of Toronto
Darshna Patel, University of Toronto
Sandy Mitchell, University of Toronto
Meaghan Kavanagh, University of Toronto
Tom Tsirakis, Saint Michael's Hospital University of Toronto
Lina Bachiri, AgroParisTech
Atherai Maran, Saint Michael's Hospital University of Toronto
Narmada Umatheva, Saint Michael's Hospital University of Toronto
Taylor McKay, Saint Michael's Hospital University of Toronto
Gelaine Trinidad, Saint Michael's Hospital University of Toronto
Daniel Bernstein, Saint Michael's Hospital University of Toronto
Awad Chowdhury, Saint Michael's Hospital University of Toronto
Julieta Correa-Betanzo, Saint Michael's Hospital University of Toronto
Gabriella Del Principe, Saint Michael's Hospital University of Toronto
Anisa Hajizadeh, Saint Michael's Hospital University of Toronto
Rohit Jayaraman, Saint Michael's Hospital University of Toronto
Amy Jenkins, Saint Michael's Hospital University of Toronto
Wendy Jenkins, Saint Michael's Hospital University of Toronto
Ruben Kalaichandran, Saint Michael's Hospital University of Toronto

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

6-5-2018

Journal

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

Volume

71

Issue

22

First Page

2570

Last Page

2584

URL with Digital Object Identifier

10.1016/j.jacc.2018.04.020

Abstract

The authors identified individual randomized controlled trials from previous meta-analyses and additional searches, and then performed meta-analyses on cardiovascular disease outcomes and all-cause mortality. The authors assessed publications from 2012, both before and including the U.S. Preventive Service Task Force review. Their systematic reviews and meta-analyses showed generally moderate- or low-quality evidence for preventive benefits (folic acid for total cardiovascular disease, folic acid and B-vitamins for stroke), no effect (multivitamins, vitamins C, D, β-carotene, calcium, and selenium), or increased risk (antioxidant mixtures and niacin [with a statin] for all-cause mortality). Conclusive evidence for the benefit of any supplement across all dietary backgrounds (including deficiency and sufficiency) was not demonstrated; therefore, any benefits seen must be balanced against possible risks.