Department of Medicine Publications

The Disavowed Curriculum: Understanding Student's Reasoning in Professionally Challenging Situations

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

12-2003

Journal

Journal of General Internal Medicine

Volume

18

Issue

12

First Page

1015

Last Page

1022

URL with Digital Object Identifier

http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1497.2003.21247.x

Abstract

CONTEXT: Understanding students' perceptions of and responses to lapses in professionalism is important to shaping students' professional development.

OBJECTIVE: Utilize realistic, standardized professional dilemmas to obtain insight into students' reasoning and motivations in "real time."

DESIGN: Qualitative study using 5 videotaped scenarios (each depicting a student placed in a situation which requires action in response to a professional dilemma) and individual interviews, in which students were questioned about what they would do next and why.

SETTING: University of Toronto.

PARTICIPANTS: Eighteen fourth-year medical students; participation voluntary and anonymous.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: A model to explain students' reasoning in the face of professional dilemmas.

RESULTS: Grounded theory analysis of interview transcripts revealed that students were motivated to consider specific actions by referencing a Principle (an abstract or idealized concept), an Affect (a feeling or emotion), or an Implication (a potential consequence of suggested actions). Principles were classified as "avowed" as ideals of our profession (e.g., honesty or disclosure), or "unavowed" (unacknowledged or undeclared, e.g., obedience or allegiance). Implications could also be avowed (e.g., concerning patients) or unavowed (e.g., concerning others); but students were predominantly motivated by considering "disavowed" implications: those pertaining to themselves (e.g., concern for grades, evaluations, or reputation), which are actively denied by the profession and discouraged as being inconsistent with altruism.

CONCLUSIONS: This "disavowed curriculum" has implications for education, feedback, and evaluation. Instead of denying their existence, we should teach students how to negotiate and balance these unavowed and disavowed implications and principles, in order to help them develop their own professional stance.

Notes

Dr. Lorelei Lingard is currently a faculty member at The University of Western Ontario.

Find in your library

Share

COinS