A Descriptive Intersectional Analysis of Anticipated Discrimination in Transgender and Non-Binary People in Canada
Abstract
Background: Anticipating discrimination may lead to poor physical and mental health outcomes for transgender and nonbinary (TGNB) individuals. It is important to take an intersectional approach to understand how anticipated discrimination is unequally distributed among TGNB Canadians.
Methods: Among a Canadian community sample of TGNB people aged ≥14 years, the Intersectional Discrimination Index – Anticipated discrimination (InDI-A) measure was validated. Multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (MAIHDA) and multiple linear regression were used to compare mean anticipated discrimination across ethnoracial and sex/gender intersections.
Results: A one-factor model of the InDI-A was supported with a satisfactory fit. Racialized participants, trans women, and nonbinary people assigned male at birth experienced higher mean anticipated discrimination. There were no differences between the levels of anticipated discrimination for Black and non-Black racialized participants.
Conclusion: There is a little variation between intersections, but all intersections experienced high levels of mean anticipated discrimination.