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Thesis Format

Integrated Article

Degree

Master of Arts

Program

Sociology

Supervisor

Huey, Laura

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to investigate the framing of the opioid crisis in Canadian news media. Using a 'frame analysis' approach (Entman 1993), the following questions are addressed: (1) How has the opioid crisis been framed in recent Canadian news articles?; (2) How often (frequency) are each of the frames documented in recent Canadian news articles?; and (3) What is the dominant frame? To answer these questions, this study draws on the results of a content analysis of 314 news articles published between January 2018 to December 2018. Data collected through systematic searches of the Canadian Major Dailies database is analyzed qualitatively through direct content analysis and the counting of frequencies. Findings from this study depart from previous research by suggesting a redefining of solutions to the opioid crisis, as well as depicting a more empathetic view of this drug crisis and the individuals involved in it.

Summary for Lay Audience

The purpose of this study is to investigate the framing of the opioid crisis in Canadian news media. Using a 'frame analysis' approach, the following questions are addressed: (1) How has the opioid crisis been framed in recent Canadian news articles?; (2) How often (frequency) are each of the frames documented in recent Canadian news articles?; and (3) What is the dominant frame? To answer these questions, this study draws on the results of a content analysis of 314 news articles published between January 2018 to December 2018. Results revealed that the leading policy choices depart from previous research on drug crises due to the promotion of harm reduction and treatment as the preferred solutions instead of criminalization. Additionally, public health framing frequently occurs, advancing the notion that treatment, services, education and training, and a health care model are the best ways, in combination with harm reduction approaches, to combat this crisis. Lastly, the overall tone is empathetic and softer, which is reflected in the policy responses. This content analysis revealed that, when compared to past drug epidemics, the opioid crisis has been framed as an entirely different type of crisis.

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