Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Degree

Doctor of Philosophy

Program

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Supervisor

Dr. R. K. Varma

Abstract

This thesis deals with the impact of Geomagnetically Induced Current (GIC) on power transformers in electrical power systems. A simulator to calculate the flows of GIC in an electrical power network, based on an assumed or measured induced geoelectric potential is proposed. This simulator includes all needed mapping techniques to handle a system that cover a large geographical area.

A correlation between GIC and the reactive power absorbed in the core of the saturated transformer is proposed. That correlation is used to estimate GIC in a transformer utilizing existing reactive power measuring infrastructure within the electrical grid without the need for dedicated measurement equipment. This technique is validated by simulations with electromagnetic transients software, laboratory work and through data recorded during a GIC event on the Hydro One network. The slope correlating reactive power absorption to GIC from an electromagnetic transient model of the transformer may be used to predict GIC levels in the actual transformers.

The application of the technique correlating GIC with reactive power absorption is examined on a segment of a real 500 kV power transmission system. This technique allows GIC to be taken into account during load flow studies. Additionally, some benefits of increased visibility of GIC in the system are shown. A method to determine the frequency and magnitude of the harmonic currents generated by a saturated transformer is also proposed. It is expected that studies conducted in this thesis will be of value to utilities like Hydro One in planning mitigation measures against GICs.

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