Thesis Format
Integrated Article
Degree
Doctor of Philosophy
Program
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
Supervisor
Paul, A
Abstract
The human skeletal system plays a critical role in organ protection and mobility, with an intrinsic capacity for self-repair. However, extensive bone defects surpass this natural ability, necessitating advanced clinical interventions. This thesis identifies the shortcomings of conventional bone repair methods, including autografts, allografts, and synthetic materials, which suffer from donor site morbidity, immune rejection, and suboptimal mechanical and biological properties. To address these limitations, this study pioneers the use of mineral-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as multifunctional materials for bone regeneration. MOFs, known for their biocompatibility, controlled biodegradability, and capacity to deliver bioactive ions, are explored in three innovative applications: (i) the fabrication of 3D-printed Zn-MOF-based nanocomposite hydrogels that enhance osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells, (ii) the development of injectable and sprayable nanocomposite hydrogels incorporating Ca-MOF and Mg-MOF nanoparticles, which demonstrate superior bone mineralization in vitro and in vivo, and (iii) the synthesis of light-responsive Au/Zn-MOF nanoparticles for dual-function hydrogels capable of promoting osteogenesis and delivering site-specific antibacterial photothermal therapy, reducing implant-associated infection risks. These findings showcase the multifunctionality and clinical potential of MOF-based hydrogels as transformative biomaterials, marking a significant advancement in regenerative medicine and offering a drug-free, biocompatible solution for orthopedic repair.
Summary for Lay Audience
Bones play a crucial role in protecting our vital organs and enabling movement. They are composed of a mixture of minerals, water, collagen, proteins, and fats. While bones have the remarkable ability to heal on their own when injured or affected by diseases, severe bone damage often requires medical intervention to ensure proper healing. Clinically, bone loss is defined as a structural defect caused by external factors or the deformation of existing bone, leading to deterioration. Repairing bone fractures and reconstructing large bone defects that exceed the body's natural healing capacity present significant challenges.
To address these issues, in this research we explore innovative ostoinductive biomaterials called mineral-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). These biomaterials are particularly promising because they are biocompatible, biodegradable, and can effectively deliver healing minerals. This thesis includes three main studies: developing MOFs incorporating in polymeric hydrogel that can 3D-bioprinted and support bone cell growth, developing injectable hydrogels with minerals like calcium and magnesium to promote bone formation, and synthesizing gold-incorporated MOFs for site-specific antibacterial effects through light irradiation. This research shows that these MOF-based nanocomposite hydrogels not only can provide support for bone healing, but also help can prevent infections, which is a common concern with traditional implants. In conclusion, this work represents a significant step forward in bone regenerative medicine, opening the door to innovative treatments for people with bone injuries and defects.
Recommended Citation
Choi, Cho-E, "Developing Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOF) Nanoparticles and MOF-integrated Hydrogels as Biomedical Materials for Bone Repair Applications" (2024). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 10666.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/10666
Included in
Biological Engineering Commons, Biomaterials Commons, Molecular, Cellular, and Tissue Engineering Commons, Polymer Science Commons
