Optimizing Radial Head Implant Geometry to Improve Contact Mechanics and Longevity
Abstract
Radial head arthroplasty is commonly used to treat comminuted radial head fractures to restore elbow stability and function. Implant design has focused on the contact mechanics of the radial head articular dish; however, a comprehensive examination of radial head morphology is lacking. This thesis focused on the quantification of the radial head dish size, depth and curvature, and the landing and side profiles. The correlations among these features and how they may be reflected in axisymmetric implant designs was studied. The contact mechanics of the proposed optimized radial head implants were assessed using finite element analysis to quantify their peak contact pressures and contact areas with the distal humerus. Results showed that a morphologically driven implant design reduced the peak contact pressures by 30% and slightly improved the mean contact area by 6% compared to a commercial implant. Modifications to traditional axisymmetric implant designs may result in improved clinical outcomes.