Document Type
Article
Publication Date
1-1-2020
Journal
Parkinson's Disease
Volume
2020
URL with Digital Object Identifier
10.1155/2020/8846544
Abstract
© 2020 Margaret T. M. Prenger et al. Parkinson's disease (PD) is typically well recognized by its characteristic motor symptoms (e.g., bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor). The cognitive symptoms of PD are increasingly being acknowledged by clinicians and researchers alike. However, PD also involves a host of emotional and communicative changes which can cause major disruptions to social functioning. These incude problems producing emotional facial expressions (i.e., facial masking) and emotional speech (i.e., dysarthria), as well as difficulties recognizing the verbal and nonverbal emotional cues of others. These social symptoms of PD can result in severe negative social consequences, including stigma, dehumanization, and loneliness, which might affect quality of life to an even greater extent than more well-recognized motor or cognitive symptoms. It is, therefore, imperative that researchers and clinicans become aware of these potential social symptoms and their negative effects, in order to properly investigate and manage the socioemotional aspects of PD. This narrative review provides an examination of the current research surrounding some of the most common social symptoms of PD and their related social consequences and argues that proactively and adequately addressing these issues might improve disease outcomes.
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Notes
Copyright © 2020 Margaret T. M. Prenger et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Originally published as;
Prenger MTM, Madray R, Van Hedger K, Anello M, MacDonald PA (2020) Social symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. Parkinsons Dis 8846544. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8846544