Concussion Symptoms Predictive of Adolescent Sport-Related Concussion Injury.
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
9-1-2020
Journal
Clinical journal of sport medicine : official journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine
Volume
30
Issue
5
First Page
147
Last Page
147
URL with Digital Object Identifier
10.1097/JSM.0000000000000714
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess the predictive capability of the postconcussion symptom scale (PCSS) of the sport concussion assessment tool (SCAT) III to differentiate concussed and nonconcussed adolescents.
DESIGN: Retrospective.
SETTING: Tertiary.
PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-nine concussed (15.2 ± 1.6 years old) and 55 control (14.4 ± 1.7 years old) adolescents.
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES: Postconcussion symptom scale.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Two-proportion z-test determined differences in symptom endorsement between groups. To assess the predictive power of the PCSS, we trained an ensemble classifier composed of a forest of 1000 decision trees to classify subjects as concussed, or not concussed, based on PCSS responses. The initial classifier was trained on all 22-concussion symptoms addressed in the PCSS, whereas the second classifier removed concussion symptoms that were not statistically significant between groups.
RESULTS: Concussion symptoms common between groups were trouble falling asleep, more emotional, irritability, sadness, and anxious. After removal, analysis of the second classifier indicated that the 5 leading feature rankings of symptoms were headache, head pressure, light sensitivity, noise sensitivity, and "don't feel right," which accounted for 52% of the variance between groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, self-reported symptoms through the PCSS can differentiate concussed and nonconcussed adolescents. However, predictability for adolescent patients may be improved by removing emotional and sleep domain symptoms.
