Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
10-14-2016
Issue
42
Journal
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume
291
First Page
21945
Last Page
21955
URL with Digital Object Identifier
10.1074/jbc.M116.738286
Abstract
The prion protein (PrPC) has been suggested to operate as a scaffold/receptor protein in neurons, participating in both physiological and pathological associated events. PrPC, laminin, and metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) form a protein complex on the plasma membrane that can trigger signaling pathways involved in neuronal differentiation. PrPC and mGluR5 are co-receptors also for -amyloid oligomers (AOs) and have been shown to modulate toxicity and neuronal death in Alzheimer's disease. In the present work, we addressed the potential crosstalk between these two signaling pathways, laminin-PrPC-mGluR5 or AO-PrPC-mGluR5, as well as their interplay. Herein, we demonstrated that an existing complex containing PrPC-mGluR5 has an important role in AO binding and activity in neurons. A peptide mimicking the binding site of laminin onto PrPC (Ln-1) binds to PrPC and induces intracellular Ca2+ increase in neurons via the complex PrPC-mGluR5. Ln-1 promotes internalization of PrPC and mGluR5 and transiently decreases AO biding to neurons; however, the peptide does not impact AO toxicity. Given that mGluR5 is critical for toxic signaling by AOs and in prion diseases, we tested whether mGlur5 knock-out mice would be susceptible to prion infection. Our results show mild, but significant, effects on disease progression, without affecting survival of mice after infection. These results suggest that PrPC-mGluR5 form a functional response unit by which multiple ligands can trigger signaling. We propose that trafficking of PrPC-mGluR5 may modulate signaling intensity by different PrPC ligands.
