Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

Title

Mechanically resilient injectable scaffolds for intramuscular stem cell delivery and cytokine release

Authors

Stuart A. Young, Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada; Human Mobility Research Centre, Queen's University
Stephen E. Sherman, Krembil Centre for Stem Cell Biology, Molecular Medicine Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario
Tyler T. Cooper, Krembil Centre for Stem Cell Biology, Molecular Medicine Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario
Cody Brown, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario
Fraz Anjum, Pharmaceutical Production Research Facility, University of Calgary
David A. Hess, Krembil Centre for Stem Cell Biology, Molecular Medicine Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario
Lauren E. Flynn, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Thompson Engineering Building, The University of Western OntarioFollow
Brian G. Amsden, Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada; Human Mobility Research Centre, Queen's UniversityFollow

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

3-2018

Journal

Biomaterials

Volume

159

First Page

146

Last Page

160

URL with Digital Object Identifier

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.01.008

Abstract

Growing clinical and preclinical evidence suggests a potential role for the phytocannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) as a pharmacotherapy for various neuropsychiatric disorders. In contrast, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psychoactive component in cannabis, is associated with acute and neurodevelopmental propsychotic side effects through its interaction with central cannabinoid type 1 receptors (CB1Rs). CB1R stimulation in the ventral hippocampus (VHipp) potentiates affective memory formation through inputs to the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system, thereby altering emotional salience attribution. These changes in DA activity and salience attribution, evoked by dysfunctional VHipp regulatory actions and THC exposure, could predispose susceptible individuals to psychotic symptoms. Although THC can accelerate the onset of schizophrenia, CBD displays antipsychotic properties, can prevent the acquisition of emotionally irrelevant memories, and reverses amphetamine-induced neuronal sensitization through selective phosphorylation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) molecular signaling pathway. This review summarizes clinical and preclinical evidence demonstrating that distinct phytocannabinoids act within the VHipp and associated corticolimbic structures to modulate emotional memory processing through changes in mesolimbic DA activity states, salience attribution, and signal transduction pathways associated with schizophrenia-related pathology.

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