Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Thesis Format

Integrated Article

Degree

Doctor of Philosophy

Program

Anthropology

Supervisor

Hodgetts, Lisa

2nd Supervisor

Ferris, Neal

Co-Supervisor

Abstract

This dissertation examines how diverse archaeological constituents engage with and evaluate original archaeological objects and their digital copies, including 3D models and 3D prints. While many existing studies in the archaeological and museum sectors consider digital outputs intrinsically beneficial for engagement, research, and decolonization, this research builds upon a body of literature calling for more culturally diverse critical reflection on digital archaeological practices. I use several archaeological ethnographic methods, including focus groups and semi-structured interviews, to discuss diverse impressions of archaeological objects and their digitized representations.

I have documented these perspectives in two Canadian cases with different archaeological, historical, and socio-political contexts. The first case study deals with archaeological objects recovered from Banks Island, NWT, held at the Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre (PWNHC) in Yellowknife. The second case concerns archaeological objects from across Southern Ontario, held at the Sustainable Archaeology facility (now an extension of the Museum of Ontario Archaeology) in London, Ontario.

This research is intended to inform the artifact management and information-sharing strategies in the study areas so that meaningful connections can be made between people and archaeological or ancestral material. It also serves to inform broader discussions of meaning-making and knowledge-sharing in digital archaeological heritage practice. In addition, these discussions and reflections may help guide changes in digital curation practice and collections management in other locales by illuminating potential areas of concern to reflect upon and address with different local communities. Ultimately, this reflection aims to support the development or redevelopment of archaeological infrastructures that are ethical, culturally respectful, and socially conscious.

Summary for Lay Audience

This study explores how different groups engage with and perceive both original archaeological artifacts and their digital counterparts, such as 3D models and 3D-printed replicas. While digital technologies are often seen as inherently valuable for research, engagement, and decolonization, this research highlights the need for more culturally diverse perspectives in digital archaeology. Using focus groups and interviews, the study examines how people from various backgrounds interact with and interpret these objects. It focuses on two Canadian case studies with distinct histories and socio-political contexts. The first involves artifacts from Banks Island, Northwest Territories, stored at the Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre in Yellowknife. The second looks at objects from across Southern Ontario, housed at the Sustainable Archaeology facility in London, Ontario. The goal is to improve artifact management and information-sharing strategies in these regions, fostering meaningful connections between people and their heritage. The research also contributes to broader conversations about digital archaeology and how museums and institutions present cultural heritage. By identifying potential concerns and areas for improvement, the study hopes to guide changes in digital curation and collections management in collaboration with local communities. Ultimately, this research advocates for ethical, culturally respectful, and socially responsible archaeological practices that better serve diverse communities.

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