2024-03-29T12:31:29Z
http://ir.lib.uwo.ca/do/oai/
oai:works.bepress.com:marni_harrington-1023
2015-03-16T16:54:17Z
publication:marni_harrington
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:lawpub-1004
2015-06-16T14:12:27Z
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:law
publication:lawpub
publication:faculties
Leveraging Knowledge Assets: Can Law Reform Help?
Wilkinson, Margaret Ann
Perry, Mark
Article
2005-03-01T08:00:00Z
Intellectual property
Canadian Journal of Law and Technology
1
21
Intellectual Property Law
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/lawpub/5
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1001
2009-01-03T19:11:37Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
WSIS: Whose Vision of an Information Society?
Pyati, Ajit K.
Article
2005-05-02T07:00:00Z
Information society
Digital divide
Library and Information Science
The United Nations (UN) and International Telecommunication Union (ITU), in their development of the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS), are contributing to the on–going discourse of the "Information Society." This study analyzes how WSIS contributes to the on–going Information Society discourse, especially how it frames a vision of an Information Society and the global "digital divide." The methodology of this study is a broad, comprehensive, and critical content analysis of the two main documents of WSIS, its Declaration of Principles and Plan of Action. The content analysis utilizes discourse analysis and ideology critique, and quantitative and qualitative methods. The results of the analysis show that WSIS paints a wholly utopian, technologically deterministic picture of an "Information Society" that oversimplifies and generalizes a complex issue and phenomenon, about which no clear consensus exists.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/2
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1000
2009-05-06T03:30:19Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
A Critical Theory of Open Access: Libraries and Electronic Publishing
Pyati, Ajit
Article
2007-10-01T07:00:00Z
Open access
Electronic publishing
Critical theory
Academic library
Critical and Cultural Studies
Library and Information Science
The stranglehold that commercial publishers have over scholarly publishing and the high prices of their journals have led to the so–called “scholarly publication crisis.” Academic librarians and concerned scholars have had to advocate for alternative models of scholarly publishing that challenge the commercial publishers’ control, and the open access movement has taken hold. This article introduces the framework of critical theory into the discourse of open access. Critical theory contextualizes the scholarly publication crisis within the dominant information society framework of increasing commodification of information and enhanced global capitalism. While providing tools for analysis and enhanced advocacy, the critical theory framework links libraries with other advocacy movements related to freedom of access to information and opens up new democratic possibilities for engagement. In particular, electronic publishing is an area in which libraries have the potential to effect changes in a commercially dominated market, thereby contributing to greater equity of information access.
Published in: First Monday, Volume 12 Number 10 - 1 October 2007
http://www.uic.edu/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/viewArticle/1970/1845
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/1
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1004
2009-01-03T19:48:24Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
“We Must Now All Be Information Professionals”: An Interview with Ron Day
Day, Ronald E.
Pyati, Ajit K.
Article
2005-01-01T08:00:00Z
Information society
Library and Information Science
Library and Information Science
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/5
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1006
2009-03-07T01:30:45Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Critical Theory and Information Studies: A Marcusean Infusion
Pyati, Ajit K.
Article
2006-01-01T08:00:00Z
Critical theory
Technical rationality
Information studies
Communication
Library and Information Science
In the field of library and information science, also known as information
studies, critical theory is often not included in debates about the discipline’s theoretical
foundations. This paper argues that the critical theory of Herbert Marcuse, in particular, has
a significant contribution to make to the field of information studies. Marcuse’s focus, for
instance, on ‘technical rationality’ as a tool of domination in modern capitalist society is a
useful construct for understanding how discourses of information technology are being used
to perpetuate modernist notions of information and capitalist logics of consumption. It is
argued here that critical theory theory and critical theory of technology have a particular
relevance and salience to the study of information, and that any discipline that claims to
study the creation, use, classification, and access of information simply cannot ignore the
larger socio-political critiques of modern, technological society that Marcuse proposes.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/7
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1007
2009-05-06T03:27:03Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
The Experiential Health Information Processing Model: Supporting Collaborative Web-based Patient Education
O'Grady, Laura A.
Witteman, Holly
Wathen, C. Nadine
Article
2008-12-16T08:00:00Z
Experiential health information processing model
Online health information
Patient education
Library and Information Science
Public Health
Background: First generation Internet technologies such as mailing lists or newsgroups afforded unprecedented levels of information exchange within a variety of interest groups, including those who seek health information. With emergence of the World Wide Web many communication applications were ported to web browsers. One of the driving factors in this phenomenon has been the exchange of experiential or anecdotal knowledge that patients share online, and there is emerging evidence that participation in these forums may be having an impact on people's health decision making. Theoretical frameworks supporting this form of information seeking and learning have yet to be proposed.
Results: In this article, we propose an adaptation of Kolb's experiential learning theory to begin to formulate an experiential health information processing model that may contribute to our understanding of online health information seeking behaviour in this context.
Conclusion: An experiential health information processing model is proposed that can be used as a research framework. Future research directions include investigating the utility of this model in the online health information seeking context, studying the impact of collaborating in these online environments on patient decision making and on health outcomes are provided.
Published in: BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making 2008, 8:58 (doi:10.1186/1472-6947-8-58). This article is available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6947/8/58
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/8
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1008
2010-07-09T20:12:34Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Re-Envisioning Libraries in the Information Society: A Critical Theory of Library Technology
Pyati, Ajit Kumar
Dissertation
2007-01-01T08:00:00Z
Library
Library technology
Information society
Critical theory
Open source
Library and Information Science
Libraries have been involved in technological transformation for several decades, and are now increasingly associated with discourses surrounding the development of a global information society. The information society, however, remains a contested terrain, with a major focus on connectivity to ICTs, and is often linked with technological determinist and technocratic agendas. The library profession and field do not adequately theorize technology in a way that offers a progressive alternative to this dominant information society vision.
In light of this context, this dissertation argues for the relevance of critical theory as a framework for guiding and analyzing library technology actions. This confluence of critical theory and library technology studies is named a “critical theory of library technology.” The framework is both a conceptual tool for re-envisioning the roles of libraries in relation to technology, as well as an analytical tool for exploring library technology decisions at various levels of impact.
The open source software movement in libraries serves as test case in the application of this framework as a mode of analysis. Prominent library open source projects are discussed, and an in-depth, qualitative case study of Simon Fraser University Library in Canada, a library developing open source software for electronic resource management and electronic journal publishing, is undertaken. Interviews and documentary research are the main sources of data.
Findings indicate that while the software projects are nominally open source, the co-developer communities remain limited. Best practices research will have to address areas related to the on-going community development and sustainability of these projects. However, in relation to the critical framework, the library emerges as a model of high investment in the technological skills of systems staff. The case presents a regional example of cooperation that is benefiting smaller client libraries in the regional consortia. Open source ideology, however, appears as just one of a variety of factors behind the deployment of these projects. In the case of the electronic journal publishing software project, an open source/open access ideological orientation is prominent, and the project presents a potentially new model for academic libraries in the support of electronic publishing services.
Dr. Ajit Pyati is currently a faculty member at The University of Western Ontario.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/9
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:commpub-1000
2009-06-06T02:10:35Z
publication:commpub
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:faculties
The Political Economy of Canada's Video and Computer Game Industry
Dyer-Witheford, Nick
Sharman, Zena
Article
2005-01-01T08:00:00Z
new media industry
interactive game business
Canadian video and computer game industry
Canadian Journal of Communication
187
210
Communication Technology and New Media
Film and Media Studies
Political Economy
Video and computer games are a burgeoning new media industry with global revenues rivaling those of film and music. This article, reporting on a three-year SSHRC-funded research project, analyzes the political economy of Canadian involvement in the interactive game business. After an overview of companies, ownership, markets and regional distribution, it discusses the developmental dynamics and contradictions of the Canadian industry in terms of capital, state, and labour. It concludes by reviewing different ways these interweaving forces may ‘play out’ and their implications for policy decisions affecting the Canadian video and computer game industry.
Published in: Canadian Journal of Communication, Vol 30, No 2 (2005).
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/commpub/1
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:commpub-1001
2009-06-06T02:17:34Z
publication:commpub
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:faculties
"EA Spouse" and the Crisis of Video Game Labour: Enjoyment, Exclusion, Exploitation, and Exodus
Dyer-Witheford, Nick
de Peuter, Greig S.
Article
2006-01-01T08:00:00Z
video game industry
crisis of labour
new media
Canadian Journal of Communication
599
617
Communication Technology and New Media
Film and Media Studies
Work, Economy and Organizations
The blog postings of “EA Spouse,” partner of an exhausted video game programmer, have catalyzed discussion of epidemic overwork in the digital play industry. This paper analyzes the crisis of labour in this glamorous new medium. After a brief overview of the industry and its production process, we discuss its labour conditions under four headings. “Enjoyment” examines the real pleasures game workers find at their jobs. “Exclusion” discusses the gendering of game work. “Exploitation” investigates the corporate processes that drive toward a work culture of extreme hours and the consequences game workers suffer. “Exodus” looks at current attempts by workers to escape this predicament — attempts including legal action, educational efforts, entrepreneurial flight, and union organizing.
Published in: Canadian Journal of Communication, Vol 31, No 3 (2006).
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/commpub/2
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:commpub-1002
2009-06-13T01:25:50Z
publication:commpub
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:faculties
The Integrated News Spectacle, Live 8, and the Annihilation of Time
Compton, James R.
Comor, Edward
Article
2007-01-01T08:00:00Z
Live 8
news
broadband technologies
Spectacle
Time
Harold Innis
Canadian Journal of Communication
29
53
Communication Technology and New Media
Film and Media Studies
Journalism Studies
In this article, the recent strategic turn by U.S.-based media corporations toward the use of broadband technologies, particularly online video, is assessed as a turning point in how news is being conceptualized, distributed, and consumed. Using the heuristic tool the integrated news spectacle, and its application to political, economic, and technological developments propelled forward by the 2005 Live 8 concerts, the authors analyze contemporary trajectories concerning the news and their more general implications regarding what Innisians refer to as the annihilation of time.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/commpub/3
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:commpub-1003
2009-06-13T01:27:46Z
publication:commpub
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:faculties
Communicating Health Information: The Community Engagement Model for Video Production
Murphy, David
Balka, Ellen
Poureslami, Iraj
Leung, Diana E.
Nicol, Anne-Marie
Cruz, Trent
Article
2007-01-01T08:00:00Z
health communication
Community Engagement Model
social marketing
Video production
Participatory video
Multicultural
Community
Canadian Journal of Communication
383
400
Film and Media Studies
Health Communication
Public Health Education and Promotion
The Community Engagement Model was developed as a tool for the production of health communication videos for broadcast on local television stations. The model, a hybrid of participatory video design and social marketing techniques, uses iterative design principles for both production and evaluation. This article reports on the use of this model for the design and production of a series of videos aimed at promoting awareness of the BC NurseLine (a 24-hour telephone health service) among Farsi speakers in the Greater Vancouver area. Statistical analysis of project-related data suggests that the use of an extensive, culturally engaged process to produce and evaluate the videos was integral to its success. The steps taken in this campaign are described to show how the Community Engagement Model can be used to produce effective, culturally sensitive, participatory media targeted at specific communities.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/commpub/4
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:commpub-1004
2009-06-13T01:23:49Z
publication:commpub
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:faculties
Biotechnology, the Environment, and Alternative Media in Malaysia
Smeltzer, Sandra
Article
2008-01-01T08:00:00Z
biotechnology
alternative media
Malaysia
Environment
Canadian Journal of Communication
5
20
Film and Media Studies
Social Influence and Political Communication
The Malaysian government has embarked on an ambitious path to
make biotechnology a key driver of the country’s economic future. This burgeoning
sector is being developed by a state with a problematic environmental
track record, which does not bode well for the future. As mainstream Malaysian
media are heavily controlled through a range of restrictive laws and hegemonic
pressures to self-censor, critical coverage of biotechnology and its implicit ties
to the environment is, not surprisingly, sparse. The focus of this article, however,
is the relative scarcity of critical discussions about these issues in the country’s
vital alternative media. This article offers a number of suggestions for this shortfall,
including government restrictions on available information, the complexity
of relevant issues, a lack of recognition of the industry’s importance, and the tenuous
relationship between environmental NGOs and alternative media practitioners
and organizations.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/commpub/5
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:nursingpub-1005
2009-06-19T05:28:09Z
publication:psychologypub
publication:nursing
publication:psychology
publication:nursingpub
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:faculties
Negative Social Experiences of University and College Students
Tremblay, Paul
Harris, Roma
Berman, Helene
MacQuarrie, Barb
Hutchinson, Gail
Smith, Mary Ann
Braley, Susan
Jelley, Jennifer
Dearlove, Kristen
Article
2008-09-01T07:00:00Z
University students
School violence
Social conflict
Impact analysis
Canadian Journal of Higher Education
Canadian Journal of Higher Education
38
3
57
75
Education
Student Counseling and Personnel Services
In this article we investigate Canadian university and college students' interpersonal conflicts and exposure to abuse and violence during their postsecondary studies and assess the emotional, social, and academic impact of these experiences. Our findings, based on a sample 1174 university and college students in Southwestern Ontario, revealed that although most of the incidents reported were verbal in nature and had relatively little emotional or academic impact, a small proportion of students reported experiencing serious violent incidents including sexual assault or rape, and these incidents have had a significant impact on their lives. Female students living on their own reported greater impact of negative social experiences than those who were living in college or university residences. In addition, students who reported conflicts involving institutional policies or rules, including what they perceived to be unfair workloads or grading practices, indicated that such experiences had a negative impact on their academic performance. We discuss these findings in the context of maintaining safe, healthy climates on university and college campuses.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/nursingpub/5
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:wlpub-1009
2009-06-26T22:11:33Z
publication:wl
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:wlpub
publication:faculties
publication:campusunits
It Takes a Village to Raise a Tent: A Case Study in Pitching the Academic Library to Incoming Undergraduate Students
Mills, Melanie
Mitchell, Marisa
Article
2009-01-01T08:00:00Z
academic libraries
first-year students
marketing
orientation
outreach
Partnership: The Canadian Journal of Library and Information Practice and Research
Library and Information Science
Rather than continuing to pursue formal inclusion in the University of Western Ontario’s O-Week program, Western Libraries shifted its approach to library orientation for incoming undergraduate students by launching its very own orientation campaign in the fall of 2005. The following article details the planning process and subsequent launch of Western Libraries inaugural system-wide library orientation initiative, whose aim was to position Western Libraries strategically as a key contributor to ‘the best student experience’ at Western. The overall impact of the campaign, as well as its influence on future orientation initiatives at the University of Western Ontario are also considered here.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/wlpub/10
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1010
2009-07-08T00:54:13Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Public Library Revitalization in India: Hopes, Challenges, and New Visions
Pyati, Ajit K.
Article
2009-07-06T07:00:00Z
public library
India
community information centre
knowledge infrastructure
First Monday
Library and Information Science
With India's growing economy and status as an emerging world power, a new consciousness is developing in the country about the need to reinvest in public services. The National Knowledge Commission (NKC) is an advisory body constituted by the Prime Minister to provide recommendations for improving India's knowledge infrastructure. As part of this Commission, a set of recommendations has been developed to improve India's long neglected library system. This article explores the implications of these recommendations, with a specific focus on India's public library system and the social development gains that are often associated with public libraries. The potential of India's public libraries to serve as community information centres (CICs) is highlighted, as well as the challenges that lie ahead in implementing a new vision for public library revitalization. The article serves as an invitation for concerted action, reflection, and dialogue with regard to this important and pressing issue.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/10
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:epidempub-1005
2009-09-10T00:13:39Z
publication:nursing
publication:epidem
publication:nursingpub
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:pmid
publication:faculties
publication:epidempub
17250771
Factors Influencing Identification of and Response to Intimate Partner Violence: A Survey of Physicians and Nurses
Gutmanis, Iris
Beynon, Charlene
Tutty, Leslie
Wathen, C. Nadine
MacMillan, Harriet L.
Article
2007-01-24T08:00:00Z
Adult
Aged
Attitude of Health Personnel
Battered Women
Communication
Decision Making
Female
Health Care Surveys
Humans
Middle Aged
Nurse-Patient Relations
Ontario
Physician's Practice Patterns
Physician-Patient Relations
Questionnaires
Specialties
Medical
Specialties
Nursing
Spouse Abuse
BMC Public Health
BMC Public Health
7
12
Biostatistics
Epidemiology
Public Health
Background: Intimate partner violence against women (IPV) has been identified as a serious public health problem. Although the health care system is an important site for identification and intervention, there have been challenges in determining how health care professionals can best address this issue in practice. We surveyed nurses and physicians in 2004 regarding their attitudes and behaviours with respect to IPV, including whether they routinely inquire about IPV, as well as potentially relevant barriers, facilitators, experiential, and practice-related factors.
Methods: A modified Dillman Tailored Design approach was used to survey 1000 nurses and 1000 physicians by mail in Ontario, Canada. Respondents were randomly selected from professional directories and represented practice areas pre-identified from the literature as those most likely to care for women at the point of initial IPV disclosure: family practice, obstetrics and gynecology, emergency care, maternal/newborn care, and public health. The survey instrument had a case-based scenario followed by 43 questions asking about behaviours and resources specific to woman abuse.
Results: In total, 931 questionnaires were returned; 597 by nurses (59.7% response rate) and 328 by physicians (32.8% response rate). Overall, 32% of nurses and 42% of physicians reported routinely initiating the topic of IPV in practice. Principal components analysis identified eight constructs related to whether routine inquiry was conducted: preparedness, self-confidence, professional supports, abuse inquiry, practitioner consequences of asking, comfort following disclosure, practitioner lack of control, and practice pressures. Each construct was analyzed according to a number of related issues, including clinician training and experience with woman abuse, area of practice, and type of health care provider. Preparedness emerged as a key construct related to whether respondents routinely initiated the topic of IPV.
Conclusion: The present study provides new insight into the factors that facilitate and impede clinicians' decisions to address the issue of IPV with their female patients. Inadequate preparation, both educational and experiential, emerged as a key barrier to routine inquiry, as did the importance of the "real world" pressures associated with the daily context of primary care practice.
Published in: BMC Public Health, 2007, 7:12. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-7-12
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/epidempub/6
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1011
2012-01-30T08:21:01Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Randomized Controlled Trials in Pediatric Complementary and Alternative Medicine: Where Can They Be Found?
Sampson, Margaret
Campbell, Kaitryn
Ajiferuke, Isola
Moher, David
Article
2003-02-14T08:00:00Z
Alternative Medicine
Bibliometrics
Information Services
Medical Informatics Applications
Pediatrics
Evidence-based Medicine
BMC Pediatrics
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2431-3-1
Communication
Library and Information Science
<p>Background: The safety and effectiveness of CAM interventions are of great relevance to pediatric health care providers. The objective of this study is to identify sources of reported randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the field of pediatric complementary and alternative medicine (CAM).</p>
<p>Methods: Reports of RCTs were identified by searching Medline and 12 additional bibliographic databases and by reviewing the reference lists of previously identified pediatric CAM systematic reviews.</p>
<p>Results: We identified 908 reports of RCTs that included children under 18 and investigated a CAM therapy. Since 1965, there has been a steady growth in the number of these trials that are being published. The four journals that published the most reported RCTs are The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Pediatrics, Journal of Pediatrics, and Lancet. Medline, CAB Health, and Embase were the best database sources for identifying these studies; they indexed 93.2%, 58.4% and 42.2 % respectively of the journals publishing reports of pediatric CAM RCTs.</p>
<p>Conclusions: Those working or interested in the field of pediatric CAM should routinely search Medline, CAB Health and Embase for literature in the field. The four core journals identified above should be included in their collection.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/11
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1012
2009-10-08T01:22:24Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Assessing the Quality of Reports of Randomized Trials in Pediatric Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Moher, David
Sampson, Margaret
Campbell, Kaitryn
Beckner, William
Lepage, Leah
Gaboury, Isabelle
Berman, Brian
Article
2002-02-27T08:00:00Z
complementary and alternative medicine
paediatrics
BMC Pediatrics
Alternative and Complementary Medicine
Library and Information Science
Pediatrics
Objective: To evaluate the quality of reports of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the pediatric population. We also examined whether there was a change in the quality of reporting over time.
Methods: We used a systematic sample of 251 reports of RCTs that used a CAM intervention. The quality of each report was assessed using the number of CONSORT checklist items included, the frequency of unclear allocation concealment, and a 5-point quality assessment instrument.
Results: Nearly half (40%) of the CONSORT checklist items were included in the reports, with an increase in the number of items included. The majority (81.3%) of RCTs reported unclear allocation concealment with no significant change over time. The quality of reports achieved approximately 40% of their maximum possible total score as assessed with the Jadad scale with no change over time. Information regarding adverse events was reported in less than one quarter of the RCTs (22%) and information regarding costs was mentioned in only a minority of reports (4%).
Conclusions: RCTs are an important tool for evidence based health care decisions. If these studies are to be relevant in the evaluation of CAM interventions it is important that they are conducted and reported with the highest possible standards. There is a need to redouble efforts to ensure that children and their families are participating in RCTs that are conducted and reported with minimal bias. Such studies will increase their usefulness to a board spectrum of interested stakeholders.
Published in: BMC Pediatrics, 2002, 2:2. doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-2-2
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/12
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1013
2009-10-12T03:06:23Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Are Clinicians Being Prepared to Care for Abused Women? A Survey of Health Professional Education in Ontario, Canada
Wathen, C. Nadine
Tanaka, Masako
Catallo, Cristina
Lebner, Adrianne C.
Friedman, M. Kinneret
Hanson, Mark D.
Freeman, Clare
Jack, Susan M.
Jamieson, Ellen
MacMillan, Harriet L.
McMaster IPV Education Research Team
Article
2009-06-18T07:00:00Z
health professional education
Ontario
abuse
intimate partner violence
BMC Medical Education
Education
Library and Information Science
Medicine and Health Sciences
Background: The current project undertook a province-wide survey and environmental scan of educational opportunities available to future health care providers on the topic of intimate partner violence (IPV) against women.
Methods: A team of experts identified university and college programs in Ontario, Canada as potential providers of IPV education to students in health care professions at the undergraduate and post-graduate levels. A telephone survey with contacts representing these programs was conducted between October 2005 and March 2006. The survey asked whether IPV-specific education was provided to learners, and if so, how and by whom.
Results: In total, 222 eligible programs in dentistry, medicine, nursing and other allied health professions were surveyed, and 95% (212/222) of programs responded. Of these, 57% reported offering some form of IPV-specific education, with undergraduate nursing (83%) and allied health (82%) programs having the highest rates. Fewer than half of undergraduate medical (43%) and dentistry (46%) programs offered IPV content. Postgraduate programs ranged from no IPV content provision (dentistry) to 41% offering content (nursing).
Conclusion: Significant variability exists across program areas regarding the methods for IPV education, its delivery and evaluation. The results of this project highlight that expectations for an active and consistent response by health care professionals to women experiencing the effects of violence may not match the realities of professional preparation.
Published in: BMC Medical Education, 2009, 9:34. doi: 10.1186/1472-6920-9-34
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/13
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1014
2009-10-12T04:47:21Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Optimizing Search Strategies to Identify Randomized Controlled Trials in MEDLINE
Zhang, Li
Ajiferuke, Isola
Sampson, Margaret
Article
2006-05-09T07:00:00Z
MEDLINE
search strategy
BMC Medical Research Methodology
Library and Information Science
Medicine and Health Sciences
Background: The Cochrane Highly Sensitive Search Strategy (HSSS), which contains three phases, is widely used to identify Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) in MEDLINE. Lefebvre and Clarke suggest that reviewers might consider using four revisions of the HSSS. The objective of this study is to validate these four revisions: combining the free text terms volunteer, crossover, versus, and the Medical Subject Heading CROSS-OVER STUDIES with the top two phases of the HSSS, respectively.
Methods: We replicated the subject search for 61 Cochrane reviews. The included studies of each review that were indexed in MEDLINE were pooled together by review and then combined with the subject search and each of the four proposed search strategies, the top two phases of the HSSS, and all three phases of the HSSS. These retrievals were used to calculate the sensitivity and precision of each of the six search strategies for each review.
Results: Across the 61 reviews, the search term versus combined with the top two phases of the HSSS was able to find 3 more included studies than the top two phases of the HSSS alone, or in combination with any of the other proposed search terms, but at the expense of missing 56 relevant articles that would be found if all three phases of the HSSS were used. The estimated time needed to finish a review is 1086 hours for all three phases of the HSSS, 823 hours for the strategy versus, 818 hours for the first two phases of the HSSS or any of the other three proposed strategies.
Conclusion: This study shows that compared to the first two phases of the HSSS, adding the term versus to the top two phases of the HSSS balances the sensitivity and precision in the reviews studied here to some extent but the differences are very small. It is well known that missing relevant studies may result in bias in systematic reviews. Reviewers need to weigh the trade-offs when selecting the search strategies for identifying RCTs in MEDLINE.
Published in: BMC Medical Research Methodology, 2006, 6:23. doi: 10.1186/1471-2288-6-23
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/14
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:lawpub-1013
2010-10-20T02:27:34Z
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:law
publication:lawpub
publication:faculties
Canadian Copyright: A Citizen’s Guide
Murray, Laura J.
Trosow, Samuel E.
Book
2007-10-01T07:00:00Z
copyright law
Canada
fair dealing
public domain
This book is not available online here, but it may be available in Western Libraries. Please use the Shared Library Catalogue's <a href="http://alpha.lib.uwo.ca/" >Classic Search</a> to check our collections.<br>
Chapter 1 of this book is freely available online at: <a href="http://www.openbooktoronto.com/magazine/fall_2007/articles/canadian_copyright" >http://www.openbooktoronto.com/magazine/fall_2007/articles/canadian_copyright</a>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/lawpub/14
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:lawpub-1012
2010-10-20T02:29:07Z
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:law
publication:lawpub
publication:faculties
Fast-Track Trade Authority and the Free Trade Agreements: Implications for Copyright Law
Trosow, Samuel E.
Article
2003-07-01T07:00:00Z
Free Trade Agreement
copyright law
Free Trade Area of the Americas
Canadian Journal of Law & Technology
135
149
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/lawpub/13
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:commpub-1007
2010-02-12T03:38:48Z
publication:womenspub
publication:commpub
publication:womens
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:queerpub
publication:queercaucus
publication:institutes
publication:faculties
Viral Migrations: Fairy Tales of Family and Nation, Death and Disease
Knabe, Susan
Article
2002-10-01T07:00:00Z
science fiction
queer theory
homosexuality
literature
Foundation
Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies
Film and Media Studies
This article is not available online here. If you are affiliated with The University of Western Ontario, please use the Shared Library Catalogue's <a href="http://alpha.lib.uwo.ca/" >Advanced Search</a> to check whether the journal in which this article was published is available in Western Libraries.<br>
If you are not affiliated with The University of Western Ontario, search <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/" >WorldCat</a> to find out how you can get access to the journal.<br>
Dr. Susan Knabe is currently a faculty member at The University of Western Ontario.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/commpub/6
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:commpub-1006
2010-02-12T03:36:42Z
publication:womenspub
publication:commpub
publication:womens
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:queerpub
publication:queercaucus
publication:institutes
publication:faculties
Corporeal Resistance/Corporeal Reconciliation: Body and Language in Kiss of the Fur Queen
Knabe, Susan
Book Chapter
2003-01-01T08:00:00Z
Canadian literature
Kiss of the Fur Queen
Literature in English, North America, Ethnic and Cultural Minority
Published as a book chapter in: <em>Connections</em>. Coomi Vevaina and Hartmut Lutz. (Eds.). The book is not available online here. If you are affiliated with The University of Western Ontario, please use the Shared Library Catalogue's <a href="http://alpha.lib.uwo.ca/">Advanced Search</a> to check whether the book is available in Western Libraries.<br>
If you are not affiliated with The University of Western Ontario, search <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/">WorldCat</a> to find out how you can get access to the book.<br>
Dr. Susan Knabe is currently a faculty member at The University of Western Ontario.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/commpub/7
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:lawpub-1014
2010-10-20T02:26:05Z
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:law
publication:lawpub
publication:faculties
The Database and the Fields of Law: Are There New Divisions of Labor?
Trosow, Samuel E.
Article
2004-01-01T08:00:00Z
database
law
Law Library Journal
63
93
Beyond their efficiency gains, there are deeper, perhaps unanticipated effects
of electronic legal databases on the process of legal research, on the work
process within organizations, and on the organization of the practice of law
itself. Professor Trosow examines several aspects of the relationship between
information technology, particularly databases, and the occupational structures
and practices in the field of law.
This is a revised version of a winning entry in the open division of the 2003 AALL/LexisNexis Call for Papers Competition.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/lawpub/19
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:lawpub-1017
2010-10-20T02:23:57Z
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:law
publication:lawpub
publication:faculties
Copyright Protection for Federally Funded Research: Necessary Incentive or Double Subsidy?
Trosow, Samuel E.
Article
2004-01-01T08:00:00Z
copyright
federally funded research
public access
Cardozo Arts and Entertainment Law Journal
613
681
Should works resulting from research that has been substantially
subsidized by the United States federal government be protected
by copyright, or immediately enter the public domain? The
Public Access to Science Act (PASA) would place these works in the public domain in the same manner as works prepared by government
employees. This paper evaluates the merits of the legislation
by placing the question of the appropriate copyright
treatment of federally subsidized works within a historical perspective,
taking into account the underlying purposes of copyright policy
as well as the changes that have taken place in the field of
scholarly publishing since Congress last considered the issue in
1976. The regulatory environment and practices of the major federal
funding agencies are reviewed, showing that agencies have
failed to utilize their broad discretion over the treatment of funded
works, resulting in over-protection of works as the default rule.
This paper considers how the balancing of interests that has
historically informed copyright policy should be applied to works
that have been federally supported; it will review and assess the initial
reactions to PASA from the point of view of various stakeholders,
including commercial publishers, non-commercial publishers,
universities, authors and researchers, and library associations; and
it will consider whether PASA's purposes might be accomplished
through other mechanisms.
This paper reaches the conclusion that works resulting from
extramural research that has been substantially subsidized by the
federal government should enter the public domain in the same
manner as works resulting from intramural government research
undertaken by federal employees, and that PASA provides a
straightforward mechanism for reaching this result.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/lawpub/16
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:lawpub-1016
2010-10-20T02:24:40Z
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:law
publication:lawpub
publication:faculties
The Changing Landscape of Academic Libraries and Copyright Policy: Interlibrary Loans, Electronic Reserves, and Distance Education
Trosow, Samuel E.
Book Chapter
2005-01-01T08:00:00Z
Academic Libraries
Copyright Policy
Interlibrary Loans
Electronic Reserves
Distance Education
375
407
Published as a book chapter in: <em>In the Public Interest: The Future of Canadian Copyright Law</em>. Michael Geist. (Ed.).
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/lawpub/17
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:lawpub-1015
2010-10-20T02:25:24Z
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:law
publication:lawpub
publication:faculties
Sui Generis Database Legislation: A Critical Analysis
Trosow, Samuel E.
Article
2005-04-01T08:00:00Z
database
law
Yale Journal of Law & Technology
534
642
Over the last decade, one of the most contentious issues in
intellectual property has been the question of statutory
protection for databases and compilations. A number of factors
had converged during the 1990’s to place this issue on the policy
agenda, including court decisions holding that the factual
elements within collections of information are not necessarily
covered by copyright laws,1 the adoption within the European
Union of a Directive on the subject,2 and the continued advances
in informational technologies that have made database
collections increasingly vulnerable to misappropriation.3 The
efforts of proponents of new, or sui generis database protections
to enact new legislation in the United States had been
unsuccessful in the 104th, 105th, 106th and 108th Congresses,4 and
an effort to bring database protections within the ambit of the
World Intellectual Property Organization’s (WIPO) system of
treaties failed to gain approval at its 1996 diplomatic conference.
The continuing efforts of the European Union to place the issue
of a new database treaty at the fore of the WIPO agenda
through its Standing Committee on Copyright and Related
Rights, has been unsuccessful in the face of growing resistance
from developing countries.5 In the United States, various efforts
to mediate the disparate position of the various stakeholders
have been largely unsuccessful.6
This paper presents the drive towards sui generis
legislation for databases as a case study that exemplifies the
expansionary nature of the contemporary intellectual property
policy environment. Section I places the problem in context by
discussing the strategic importance of databases for the contemporary research enterprise. Focusing on what databases
are, how they are used by researchers, how they are becoming
increasingly central to the process of scientific research, and
how sui generis legislation would disrupt these processes helps
frame the subsequent discussion of particular legislative
proposals. Section II outlines and evaluates the three primary
justifications advanced by proponents of sui generis database
legislation; the need to fill in a perceived gap caused by lack of
adequate protection under U.S. copyright law, the need to
harmonize U.S. law with the European Union Database
Directive, and the increased risks of misappropriation brought
about by technological advances. Section III turns to the
legislative response in the U.S., describing the database
legislation that has been introduced in the 104th, 105th, 106th,
and 108th Congresses, and setting forth the principle arguments
raised by proponents and opponents of the measures. Section III
also contains a discussion of the draft Database Treaty that had
been considered by the World Intellectual Property Organization
(WIPO) in 1996. Section IV provides an assessment of the
validity of the claims of the proponents of database legislation
by placing the database debate in a deeper political and
economic context. The conclusion is reached that sui generis
database legislation would hamper the goals of promoting
scientific progress, and that such attempts should be rejected by
policymakers.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/lawpub/18
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:lawpub-1018
2010-10-20T02:23:11Z
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:law
publication:lawpub
publication:faculties
Copyright Consultations Submission
Trosow, Samuel E.
Article
2009-11-01T07:00:00Z
copyright law
Canada
fair dealing
public domain
Osgoode Hall Review of Law and Policy
169
183
In this submission, the author revisits and expands on various points highlighted during a roundtable session in Toronto relating to copyright reform. In doing so, he raises and responds to several fundamental questions affecting copyright law, including those relating to the modernization of existing copyright law, technological neutrality, changes that can foster innovation, creativity, competition and investment in Canada and consequently position Canada as a technological leader. The author then moves on to consider the notion of fair dealing, focusing specifically on the need to make current categories under the fair dealing provisions illustrative rather than exhaustive. Moreover, he argues for the need to include the list of factors endorsed by the Supreme Court of Canada in Canada‘s fair dealing provisions. Lastly, the author touches on a variety of issues that he argues are necessary to address in order to ensure that fair dealing rights in Canada are not undermined.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/lawpub/15
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:wlpub-1015
2010-01-06T01:55:15Z
publication:wl
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:wlpub
publication:faculties
publication:campusunits
Information Literacy and Research-Intensive Graduate Students: Enhancing the Role of Research Librarians
Harrington, Marni R.
Article
2009-01-01T08:00:00Z
information literacy
graduate students
research librarian
Behavioral & Social Sciences Librarian
179
10.1080/01639260903272778
201
Library and Information Science
This article investigates how psychology graduate students find information for coursework and research, who teaches them how to find it, and whether differences emerge over the course of their graduate careers. Findings indicate that these graduate students are comfortable using campus libraries, prefer electronic resources,
ask supervisors when they need assistance locating information, and have some interest in furthering their information literacy knowledge. Finally, the master’s students use different information management skills than do the PhD students, as evidenced by the use of bibliographic management software. Suggestions for furthering
the role of research librarians focus on being more proactive, rather than expecting students to come to librarians for assistance.
Author Posting. (c) 'Marni R. Harrington', 2009.
This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of 'Marni R. Harrington' for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Behavioral & Social Sciences Librarian, Volume 28 Issue 4, October 2009.
doi:10.1080/01639260903272778 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01639260903272778)
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/wlpub/15
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:wlpub-1017
2010-01-26T20:24:56Z
publication:wl
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:wlpub
publication:faculties
publication:campusunits
Integrating Research into LIS Field Experiences in Academic Libraries
Berg, Selinda Adelle
Hoffmann, Kristin
Dawson, Diane
Article
2009-11-01T07:00:00Z
Field experience
library research
academic library
Journal of Academic Librarianship
591
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acalib.2009.08.007
598
Library and Information Science
Field experiences function as a link between LIS theory and practice. Students should be provided with an experience that is a true reflection of the professional environment. The increasing focus on research by academic librarians provides an opportunity and responsibility to integrate research into the field experiences of LIS students.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/wlpub/16
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1016
2010-02-18T02:19:47Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Informing Choice: The Organization of Institutional Interaction in Clinical Midwifery Care
McKenzie, Pamela J.
Article
2009-09-01T07:00:00Z
Library & Information Science Research
163
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lisr.2009.03.006
173
Health Communication
Library and Information Science
Nursing Midwifery
Organizational Communication
Researchers in LIS have called for the study of the social practices out of which informing is achieved. This article analyzes the informed choice discussion (ICD) between midwives and childbearing women as a form of institutional interaction that accomplishes informing. The ICD institutionally presumes a woman to have information needs that must be met before she can make a decision. Conversation analysis, a method commonly used to study practitioner–client interaction but little used in LIS, is employed to identify the unique “fingerprint” of the ICD. Analysis shows how participants develop a joint sense of the interactional tasks of informing and deciding. As an ideal, informed choice divides the cognitive labor: informing is
midwife-led and deciding is client-led. In practice, however, informing and deciding are intertwined to such an extent that their resolution is neither automatic nor straightforward but must be negotiated. To be accepted as adequate, a decision must also be deemed adequately informed. Difficulties in negotiating transitions can result in one speaker treating a decision as resolved while another treats it as still open. Analyzing the fingerprints of institutional informing interactions can provide a starting point for analyzing the interactional accomplishment of informing in other settings.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/16
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1015
2010-02-18T02:17:18Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Informing Evidence: Claimsmaking in Midwives' and Clients' Talk about Interventions
McKenzie, Pamela J.
Oliphant, Tami
Article
2010-01-01T08:00:00Z
communication
discourse analysis
medical discourse
health care discourse
midwifery
Qualitative Health Research
29
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732309355591
41
Health Communication
Interpersonal and Small Group Communication
Library and Information Science
Maternal, Child Health and Neonatal Nursing
Medicine and Health
Nursing Midwifery
Communication for informed choice is particularly challenging in clinical settings such as direct-entry midwifery, where the care model embraces diverse therapies and forms of knowledge. We identified three discursive moves (explanation, invocation, and evaluation) that Ontario midwives and clients used in making claims about proposed interventions. The analysis was informed by an understanding of communication as an interactionally situated and socially constructed interpretive practice. Both midwives and women called on the authority of biomedical discourse, but they also turned to sources such as women’s wisdom to support their cases. The flexible use of these moves afforded participants considerable latitude in accepting or rejecting forms of evidence as authoritative. However, strategies designed to empower clients in making choices could unintentionally serve to enhance the authority of the care provider. Talk about interventions brings into view both the knowledge systems and the broader relations within which regulated midwifery practice operates.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/15
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:geographypub-1122
2010-03-20T00:42:42Z
publication:geography
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:geographypub
publication:faculties
The Public Place of Central Libraries: Findings from Toronto and Vancouver
Leckie, Gloria J.
Hopkins, Jeffrey
Article
2002-07-01T07:00:00Z
Library Quarterly
326
372
Geography
Library and Information Science
The last decade has seen a relative boom in the construction of central public libraries across North America. The social roles these public institutions play for society is a pressing issue in light of decreasing public funding, advancing information technologies, and an economy increasingly information-driven and decentralized. This article examines the public's use of two of Canada's largest central libraries, the Toronto Reference Library and the Vancouver Public Library Central Branch. The data gathered support the notion that these libraries fulfill many of the normative ideals of a successful public place and serve as important resources in the increasingly information-driven, knowledge-based economy. We conclude that private market interests encroaching upon this institution, and not advances in information technologies, represent a threat to its multifaceted role as a successful public place.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/geographypub/119
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:filmpub-1193
2010-04-22T23:26:06Z
publication:film
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:filmpub
publication:queerpub
publication:queercaucus
publication:institutes
publication:faculties
Introduction: Mundane Science Fiction, Harm and Healing the World
Knabe, Susan
Pearson, Wendy Gay
Article
2008-07-01T07:00:00Z
Awards
honors
Novels
Theory
Psychoanalysis
Ethics
Extrapolation
181
196
Film and Media Studies
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/filmpub/117
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1017
2010-03-18T00:22:07Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Informing Relationships: Small Talk, Informing and Relationship Building in Midwife-woman Interaction
McKenzie, Pamela J.
Article
2010-03-01T08:00:00Z
small talk
relationship building
midwife-woman interaction
health communication
Information Research
Library and Information Science
Public Health Education and Promotion
Introduction: This article analyses small or relational talk as a setting for exploring socially- and temporally-situated practices that constitute informing in a particular context.
Method: Transcripts of forty clinic visits between Canadian midwives and childbearing women are analysed to show how relational talk is put together and what functions it performs.
Analysis. Conversation analysis is used to show how speakers establish their entitlement to background knowledge and negotiate authority to speak on various topics.
Results: Speakers display and deploy evidence of their developing relationship in and through their talk together. They situate talk about themselves and one another in the context of the relationship to work it up as news and to frame questions so that they are understood to address new or previously known concerns. They take up previous talk as informative and use it to make claims about one another. Through making arrangements they establish a single encounter as a member of a series and orient themselves to the past and future of the relationship. They call on their previous interactions as informative to the business at hand and present themselves as informed about the relationship and about the other(s) in that relationship.
Conclusions: Small talk is a rich site for analysis. Considering an interaction as a situated member of a series rather than as an a-temporal snapshot allows for an analysis of the ways that the unfolding relationship itself becomes a resource for its members.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/17
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:lawpub-1020
2010-10-20T02:20:46Z
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:law
publication:lawpub
publication:faculties
Why Copyright Fair-Dealing Needs Flexibility
Trosow, Samuel E.
Article
2010-03-12T08:00:00Z
copyright
fair dealing
Canada
The Lawyers Weekly
This article was also posted on Dr. Samuel Trosow's blog.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/lawpub/21
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:lawpub-1021
2010-10-20T02:19:25Z
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:law
publication:lawpub
publication:faculties
A Holistic Model of Information Policy
Trosow, Samuel E.
Article
2010-01-01T08:00:00Z
information policy
copyright
fair dealing
Feliciter
46
48
Published as part of a theme issue of <em>Feliciter</em> co-edited by Heather Morrison and Kirsti Nilsen
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/lawpub/22
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1018
2010-05-26T20:10:35Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
A New Model For Semantic Photograph Description Combining Basic Levels and User-assigned Descriptors
Lee, Hyuk-Jin
Neal, Diane M.
Article
2010-01-01T08:00:00Z
image retrieval
tagging
image indexing
entry point
basic level
Journal of Information Science
Library and Information Science
Few studies have been conducted to identify users’ desired semantic levels of image access when describing, searching,
and retrieving photographs online. The basic level, or the level of abstraction most commonly used to describe an item,
is a cognitive theory currently under consideration in image retrieval research. This study investigates potential basic
levels of description for online photographs by testing the Hierarchy for Online Photograph Representation (HOPR)
model, which is based on a need for a model that addresses users’ basic levels of photograph description and retrieval.
We developed the HOPR model using the following three elements as guides: the most popular tags of all time on
Flickr, the Pyramid model for visual content description by Jörgensen, Jaimes, Benitez, and Chang, and the nine
classes of image content put forth by Burford, Briggs, and Eakins. In an exploratory test of the HOPR model,
participants were asked to describe their first reaction to, and possible free-text indexing terms for, a small set of
personal photographs. Content analysis of the data indicated a clear set of user preferences that are consistent with
prior image description studies. Generally speaking, objects in the photograph, and events taking place in the
photograph, were the most commonly used levels of description. The preliminary HOPR model shows promise for its
intended utility, but further refinement is needed through additional research.
This article will be published in the <em>Journal of Information Science</em>.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/18
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:lawpub-1022
2010-06-09T23:47:30Z
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:law
publication:lawpub
publication:faculties
Information Policy and the Canadian Library Association
Wilkinson, Margaret Ann
Nilsen, Kirsti
Article
2010-01-01T08:00:00Z
Information policy
Canadian Library Association
Feliciter
64
67
Law
Library and Information Science
Published as part of a theme issue of <em>Feliciter</em> co-edited by Heather Morrison and Kirsti Nilsen
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/lawpub/23
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1020
2010-10-07T23:37:59Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Emotion-Based Tags in Photographic Documents: The Interplay of Text, Image, and Social Influence / Les etiquettes basées sur des emotions dans les documents photographiques: L'interaction entre le texte, l'image et l'influence sociale
Neal, Diane M.
Article
2010-09-01T07:00:00Z
Photographs
Image retrieval
Search engines
Tagging
Folksonomy
Meaning
Communication
Emotion
Photographic document
Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science
329
353
Library and Information Science
This study investigated the communicative roles played by the text, image, and social interaction in high- and low-relevance ranked Flickr photographic documents with an emotion-based tag. Using discourse analysis, textual and visual themes regarding the conveyance of emotional meaning were identified. Non-parametric measures found statistically significant differences between most relevant and least relevant pictures, between the number of views and number of favourites within each emotion, and between pictures with different emotion-based tags.
Cette étude examine le rôle communicationnel joué par le texte, l'image et l'interaction sociale dans des documents photographiques de Flickr portant une étiquette basée sur des émotions et classés selon leur pertinence forte ou faible. l'aide de l'analyse du discours, il a été possible d'identifier des thèmes textuels et visuels susceptibles de transmettre une signification émotionnelle. Des mesures non-paramétriques ont révélé des différences statistiquement significatives entre les images de forte et de faible pertinence, entre le nombre de vues et le nombre de favoris pour chaque émotion, et entre les images portant des étiquettes émotionnelles différentes.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/19
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:lawpub-1024
2015-05-22T15:42:18Z
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:law
publication:lawpub
publication:faculties
Copyright, Collectives, and Contracts: New Math for Educational Institutions and Libraries
Wilkinson, Margaret Ann
Book Chapter
2010-10-01T07:00:00Z
Copyright
Copyright reform
Canada
Higher education
Bill C-32
Contract
Library
503
540
Law
<p>It is more than a decade since the last reforms to the Copyright Act came into force. While the statute has remained static, the “copyright worlds” of institutions involved in the provision of education and library services in Canada have changed dramatically. These changes have come as a result of the ways in which these institutions provide services. They have also come about as a result of the ways in which the actors in the information environment in Canada have changed their behaviours. Whatever the causes of these changes, institutions involved in education, library services, archival activities or museum practice find themselves in increasingly varied positions with respect to changes in the copyright legislation such as those proposed in the current Bill C-32, An Act to amend the Copyright Act. Given these varied positions, it may be difficult to assess just what the impact of the proposed changes will be on this sector. As this chapter will illustrate, the impact that Parliament can have by implementing these changes will be directly affected by the individual managerial decisions of each institutional decision-maker involved in education, library services, archival activity and museum practice in Canada.</p>
<p>Published as a book chapter in: Michael Geist (Ed.) <em>From "Radical Extremism" to "Balanced Copyright": Canadian Copyright and the Digital Agenda</em>.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/lawpub/25
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:lawpub-1025
2010-11-24T07:18:33Z
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:law
publication:lawpub
publication:faculties
Bill C-32 and the Educational Sector: Overcoming Impediments to Fair Dealing
Trosow, Samuel E.
Book Chapter
2010-10-01T07:00:00Z
Copyright
Copyright reform
Canada
Higher education
Bill C-32
Fair dealing
541
568
Law
This chapter will focus on some of the copyright issues facing Canadian students, teachers, librarians and researchers, and how they will be affected by the educational provisions of Bill C-32 which would amend Canada’s Copyright Act. The bill proposes to add the word “education” as an enumerated purpose to the act’s fair dealing provision, it updates some of the special exemptions for educational institutions that were added in 1997, and it proposes some new special exceptions for educational institutions.
Published as a book chapter in: <em>From "Radical Extremism" to "Balanced Copyright" : Canadian Copyright and the Digital Agenda</em>. Michael Geist. (Ed.).
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/lawpub/26
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1021
2010-10-19T00:47:43Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Understanding the Role of Information Policy in LIS Education
Pyati, Ajit
Article
2010-01-01T08:00:00Z
Information policy
Library Science education
Feliciter
116
118
Library and Information Science
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/20
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1022
2011-04-07T00:42:26Z
publication:commpub
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Mobilizing User-Generated Content For Canada’s Digital Advantage
Trosow, Samuel E.
Burkell, Jacquelyn
Dyer-Witheford, Nick
McKenzie, Pamela
McNally, Michael B.
Whippey, Caroline
Wong, Lola
Report
2010-12-01T08:00:00Z
Digital economy
User-generated content
Canada
Communication
Library and Information Science
<p>Executive Summary: The goal of the Mobilizing User-Generated Content for Canada’s Digital Content Advantage project is to define User-Generated Content (UGC) in its current state, identify successful models built for UGC, and anticipate barriers and policy infrastructure needed to sustain a model to leverage the further development of UGC to Canada's advantage. At the outset, we divided our research into three domains: creative content, small scale tools and collaborative user-generated content. User-generated creative content is becoming increasingly evident throughout the technological ecology through online platforms and online social networks where individuals develop, create and capture information and choose to distribute content through an online platform in a transformative manner. The Internet offers many tools and resources that simplify the various UGC processes and models. Social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Vimeo, Flickr and others provide functionality to upload content directly into the site itself, eliminating the need for formatting and conversion, and allowing almost instantaneous access to the content by the user’s social network. The successful sites have been able to integrate content creation, aggregation, distribution, and consumption into a single tool, further eroding some of the traditional dichotomies between content creators and end-users. Along with these larger scale resources, this study also treats small scale tools, which are tools, modifications, and applications that have been created by a user or group of users. There are three main categories of small scale tools. The first is game modifications, or add-ons, which are created by users/players in order to modify the game or assist in its play. The second is modifications, objects, or tools created for virtual worlds such as Second Life. Third, users create applications and tools for mobile devices, such as the iPhone or the Android system. The third domain considers UGC which is generated collaboratively. This category is comprised of wikis, open source software and creative content authored by a group rather than a sole individual. Several highly successful examples of collaborative UGC include Wikipedia, and open source projects such as the Linux operating system, Mozilla Firefox and the Apache platform. Major barriers to the production, distribution and aggregation of collaborative UGC are unduly restrictive intellectual property rights (including copyrights, licensing requirements and technological protection mechanisms). There are several crucial infrastructure and policies required to facilitate collaborative UGC. For example, in the area of copyright policy, a careful balance is needed to provide appropriate protection while still allowing downstream UGC creation. Other policy considerations include issues pertaining to technological protection mechanisms, privacy rights, consumer protection and competition. In terms of infrastructure, broadband internet access is the primary technological infrastructure required to promote collaborative UGC creation. There has recently been a proliferation of literature pertaining to all three of these domains, which are reviewed. Assessments are made about the most effective models and practices for each domain, as well as the barriers which impede further developments. This initial research is used as a basis for generating some tentative conclusions and recommendations for further research about the policy and technological infrastructures required to best mobilize and leverage user-generated content to create additional value in the digital economy internal and external to Canada. Policy recommendations based on this research focus on two principles: balancing the interest of both content owners and users, and creating an enabling environment in which UGC production, distribution, aggregation, and re-use can flourish.</p>
<p>Prepared for the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada by the FIMS UGC Research Team at The University of Western Ontario.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/21
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:digitallabour-1013
2011-04-29T06:42:45Z
publication:commpub
publication:digitallabour
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:faculties
Gilbert Simondon and the Hypothesis of Cognitive Capitalism
Leonardi, Emanuele
Sociology
<p>This paper was presented at Paper Session 2a: Theories of Digital Labour. </p>
<p>The paper explores the relevance of Gilbert Simondon’s reflections on the notion of individuation for the development of the political and analytical hypothesis known as cognitive capitalism, recently proposed by economists such as Yann Moulier Boutang and Carlo Vercellone. The focus of their analysis is on the new exploitative dimensions of contemporary capitalism. Nowadays, exploitation is exercised on the process of individuation rather than on individuated entities. To theoretically grasp, and politically act upon, this unprecedented configuration, I argue that the Marxian notions of formal and real subsumption are still necessary but not longer sufficient. As a consequence, I will advance and discuss an original concept, that of impression, whose function is to supplement these Marxian notions in an attempt to understand the new modalities of contemporary exploitation. More specifically, the goal is to give a non- neutral account of what seems to be the categorical, albeit paradoxical, imperative of Post-Fordist capitalism: ‘be as different from the social norm as you wish, experience your autonomy in its fullness, as long as the outcome of your behaviour is translatable into the homogeneous grammar of the general equivalent – money’. To give empirical consistency to my analysis, I will attempt to apply the notion of impression to the post-welfare discourse of active social policies that aim to ‘empower’ the unemployed in and through the labour market.</p>
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:digitallabour-1014
2011-04-29T06:42:16Z
publication:commpub
publication:digitallabour
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:faculties
Digital Labour and Species-being
Dyer-Witheford, Nick
Sociology
<p>This paper was presented at Paper Session 2a: Theories of Digital Labour. </p>
<p>This paper places digital labour in the context of recently revived interest in the young Marx’s concept of ‘species-being’ (Gatungswesen). Cryptically and fragmentarily announced in the Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844, but largely abandoned in Marx’s later work, the idea has passed in and then, apparently decisively, out, of fashion amongst his interpreters. But the first decade of the twenty- first century has seen a renewed interest surely due in part to the manifest capacities of electronic networks and biotechnologies to alter the cognitive and corporeal attributes of the human. After proposing an historical, rather than essentialist, understanding of Gatungswesen the paper goes on to suggest some categories that might be adequate to a situation where the stakes in class conflict are nothing less than the trajectory of a contemporary ‘species-becoming’: planet factory, futuristic accumulation, global worker, techno-finance, singularity capitalism, biocommunism.</p>
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:digitallabour-1016
2011-04-29T06:41:20Z
publication:commpub
publication:digitallabour
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:faculties
Content Management Systems and the Degradation of Intellectual Work in the 21st Century
McNally, Michael
Sociology
<p>This paper was presented at Paper Session 2b: Networked Organization. </p>
<p>Enterprise Content Management (ECM) Systems confer numerous advantages to corporations including superior data management, streamlining of office workflows and potential costs savings. However, a content analysis of ECM system technical white papers reveals that such systems are potentially disastrous to intellectual workers. The trends of increasing management control, routinization and deskilling observed and critiqued by Harry Braverman in the 20th century in industrial labour are fully realized in intellectual labour by such systems. In addition to the detailed surveillance capabilities of content management systems (CMS), the employer captures and retains the entire iterative history of the documents produced by its workers. Content management systems deskill workers by subdividing intellectual tasks into the smallest possible constituent parts and automating as many tasks as possible. Content management systems provide some potential opportunities for the reskilling of workers, but a critical examination of the effects of these systems is necessary to determine their exact influence on digital work.</p>
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:digitallabour-1018
2011-04-29T06:50:58Z
publication:commpub
publication:digitallabour
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:faculties
5070: Digital Reputation, Representation, and New Forms of Value?
Hearn, Alison
Sociology
<p>This paper was presented at Paper Session 3 – Digital Labour in Representation. </p>
<p>Blogging, twittering, facebooking, posting videos on youtube, providing feedback on newspaper articles online or rating restaurants or hotels on tripadvisor, are often seen to be positive elements in the development of the digital public sphere. Academics and human resources experts alike laud the ways in which these activities contribute to the increasing circulation of ‘social capital’ or ‘reputation’, which we can see as a new form of currency and, more generally, value. This paper will examine these claims about the emerging economy in reputation, focusing specifically on the ways reputation has historically been defined and understood and how it is currently being aggregated, measured, structured and represented by specific business interests online. It will consider the uses to which these ratings, lists, scores and other forms of overt reputation building are being put and discuss whether they constitute forms of free labour. In the end, it will conclude that these practices herald a form of market discipline and affective conditioning, which, much like other more traditional kinds of value generation such as branding, function to direct human meaning-making and self-identity in highly motivated and profitable ways.</p>
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:digitallabour-1031
2011-04-29T17:40:32Z
publication:digitallabour
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:faculties
A New Vision for Library Workers in the Global South?: A View from India
Pyati, Ajit
Sociology
<p>This paper was presented at Paper Session 5b: Internationalization. </p>
<p>The ‘knowledge society’ is a concept of importance in India’s current neoliberal path of development. This article argues for a critical conception of the ‘public’ as a means to combat the neoliberal excesses of the Indian knowledge society. A dialectic of the Indian knowledge society is proposed, which exposes the contradictions of India’s current development discourse, in order to give insights into more progressive and public-oriented alternatives. Examples of revitalized public information infrastructure and from India’s informal grassroots sector are explored as ways to enhance the public good in the knowledge society. This exploration highlights some of the challenges, contradictions, and areas of resistance in the ongoing struggle against neoliberal hegemony.</p>
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:digitallabour-1034
2011-04-29T17:53:29Z
publication:commpub
publication:digitallabour
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:faculties
“Free Labour” in “Free Time”: Prosumption, Digital Technologies and the Commodification of Time
Comor, Edward
Sociology
<p>This paper was presented at Paper Session 6a: Free Labour in the Web 2.0 Era. </p>
<p>Since the hybrid producer-consumer – the prosumer – was conceptualized three decades ago, prosumption has been embraced by both mainstream and progressive analysts. With digital technologies enabling more people to engage in an array of online prosumption activities, one shared claim is particularly striking: the empowering and humanizing implications of prosumption will mark the end of human alienation. In this paper, I assess this extraordinary prediction by, first, establishing that the core of Marx’s conceptualization of alienation is capital’s dominance over human relations, compelling people to become mere tools of the production process. Second, I assess both general and specific digital prosumption developments in light of this understanding of alienation. Third, my analysis concludes that people will participate in prosumption in at least three discernible ways: most will remain relatively powerless tools of capital; some will act as capital’s creative tools; and a minority (those possessing extraordinary capabilities) will have the potential to employ prosumption in ways that redress their alienation.</p>
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:digitallabour-1033
2011-04-29T17:49:26Z
publication:commpub
publication:digitallabour
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:faculties
Mobile Audience Commodities? Situating the Convergence of Work and Play in the Era of Ubiquitous Connectivity
Manzerolle, Vincent
Sociology
<p>This article was presented at Paper Session 6a: Free Labour in the Web 2.0 Era. </p>
<p>This paper re-examines the work of Dallas Smythe in light of the popularization of Internet-enabled mobile devices (IMD). In an era of ubiquitous connectivity Smythe’s prescient analysis of audience ‘work’ offers a historical continuum in which to understand the proliferation of IMDs in everyday life. Following Smythe’s line of analysis, this paper argues that the expansion of waged and unwaged digital labour facilitated by these devices contributes to the overall mobilization of communicative, cognitive and co-operative capacities – capacities central to the accumulation strategies of ‘informational capitalism’. As such, the rapid uptake of these devices globally is an integral component in this mobilization and subsumption. In the case of Smythe’s provocative (and somewhat controversial) concept of the audience commodity the work of the audience is materially embedded in the capitalist<br />application of communication technologies. Consonant with Smythe’s emphasis on the centrality of communication and related technologies in the critical analysis of contemporary political economies, this paper elaborates upon the concept of digital labour by rethinking Smythe’s theory of the audience commodity as a central principle organizing the technical and social evolution of IMDs.</p>
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:digitallabour-1038
2011-04-29T18:11:20Z
publication:digitallabour
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:faculties
The Copyright Policy Paradox: Overcoming Competing Agendas within the Digital Labour Movement
Trosow, Samuel E.
Law
<p>This paper was presented at Paper Session 6b: Resistance and Activism. </p>
<p>This paper discusses the varying and often disparate approaches that Canadian associations representing intellectual and creative labourers have taken to copyright policy. Copyright policies are important to intellectual and creative workers as they set the framework for their rights and obligations with respect to the works and performances they create, and to the intellectual goods they utilize in their own production processes. Copyright is now in a state of transition as policymakers grapple with the effects that technological, cultural and economic changes have had on established business models and practices in education and in the entertainment and publishing industries. Although the relationship of creators to the fruits of their labour varies in different settings, it is increasingly tenuous. While resulting rights are retained in some situations, in many others the creator is alienated from their rights at the outset, and in yet others they are subsequently assigned away. In comparing the differences in approach to copyright issues taken by different intellectual and creative labour groups, the paper asks what accounts for these disparities, and how they might be ameliorated to the benefit of a progressive politics of digital labour.</p>
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:commpub-1008
2011-04-30T00:14:26Z
publication:commpub
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:faculties
Digital Labour: Workers, Authors, Citizens
Burston, Jonathan
Dyer-Witheford, Nick
Hearn, Alison
Editorial
2010-11-01T07:00:00Z
ephemera: theory & politics in organization
214
221
Communication
Film and Media Studies
Sociology
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/commpub/8
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1023
2011-05-30T21:20:40Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Supporting Alternative Incentive Mechanisms for Digital Content: A Comparison of Canadian and US Policy
McNally, Michael B.
Conference Proceeding
2011-06-02T07:00:00Z
Open access
Open data
User-generated content
Digital content
Canada
United States
Library and Information Science
<p>This paper compares the Government of Canada’s copyright focused approach for encouraging the production of digital content with the U.S. Government’s adoption of a range of incentive systems for the production of content through a content analysis of government policy papers. The first part of the paper examines Canadian policy outlined in the <em>Improving Canada’s Digital Advantage</em> consultation paper and the proposed amendments to the Copyright Act (Bill C-32). The paper argues the government is overly reliant on copyright to encourage the production of creative digital content. Though Bill C-32 would expand the definition of fair dealing and create a user generated content exception, the effectiveness of these measures is severely limited by through the proposed protections for technological protection measures. The second part of the paper examines innovative alternatives to copyright that are being promoted by the U.S. government. The Obama Administration’s Open Government Directive not only provides citizens with access to government data, but also calls on federal departments to use prizes to encourage innovative uses of the data. The U.S. National Institutes of Health has taken a leading role in promoting open access publication of research funded with federal monies by requiring deposit of publications resulting from research in the open access repository PubMed Central. The paper concludes by positing that Canada’s digital economy strategy would be strengthened by providing greater federal support for alternatives to intellectual property such as open data and open access and lessening the focus on copyright as an incentive digital content production.</p>
<p>Paper presented at the Canadian Communications Association Annual Conference held in Fredericton, NB in June 2011</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/22
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:lawpub-1027
2011-09-04T02:17:54Z
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:law
publication:lawpub
publication:faculties
Genealogy and the Law in Canada
Wilkinson, Margaret Ann
Book
2010-01-01T08:00:00Z
Genealogy
Privacy
Law
Canada
Freedom of information
Law
<p>"Digital records and broad access to the Internet have made it easier for genealogists to gather relevant information from distant sources and to share the information they have gathered. The law, however, remains tied to particular geographic locations. This book discusses how specific laws -- access to information, personal data protection, libel, copyright, and regulation of cemeteries -- apply to anyone involved in genealogical research in Canada." (From online book description)</p>
<p>This book is not available online here, but a <a href="http://books.google.com/books?id=bNZWyI8fHFAC&lpg=PA1&pg=PA4#v=onepage&q&f=false" target="_blank">preview</a> of it is available from Google Books.</p>
<p>If you are affiliated with The University of Western Ontario, please use the Shared Library Catalogue's <a href="http://alpha.lib.uwo.ca/" target="_blank">Classic Search</a> to check whether the book is available in Western Libraries.</p>
<p>If you are not affiliated with The University of Western Ontario, search <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/" target="_blank">WorldCat</a> to find out where you can get access to the book.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/lawpub/28
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:commpub-1009
2011-10-29T01:18:11Z
publication:commpub
publication:healthstudies
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:healthstudiespub
publication:faculties
Talk, Trust and Time: A Longitudinal Study Evaluating Knowledge Translation and Exchange Processes for Research on Violence against Women
Wathen, C. Nadine
Sibbald, Shannon L.
Jack, Susan M.
MacMillan, Harriet L.
Article
2011-09-06T07:00:00Z
Knowledge translation
Knowledge exchange
Violence against women
Implementation Science
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1748-5908-6-102
Communication
Public Health
<p>BACKGROUND: Violence against women (VAW) is a major public health problem. Translation of VAW research to policy and practice is an area that remains understudied, but provides the opportunity to examine knowledge translation and exchange (KTE) processes in a complex, multi-stakeholder context. In a series of studies including two randomized trials, the McMaster University VAW Research Program studied one key research gap: evidence about the effectiveness of screening women for exposure to intimate partner violence. This project developed and evaluated KTE strategies to share research findings with policymakers, health and community service providers, and women's advocates.</p>
<p>METHODS: A longitudinal cross-sectional design, applying concurrent mixed data collection methods (surveys, interviews, and focus groups), was used to evaluate the utility of specific KTE strategies, including a series of workshops and a day-long Family Violence Knowledge Exchange Forum, on research sharing, uptake, and use.</p>
<p>RESULTS: Participants valued the opportunity to meet with researchers, provide feedback on key messages, and make personal connections with other stakeholders. A number of factors specific to the knowledge itself, stakeholders' contexts, and the nature of the knowledge gap being addressed influenced the uptake, sharing, and use of the research. The types of knowledge use changed across time, and were specifically related to both the types of decisions being made, and to stage of decision making; most reported use was conceptual or symbolic, with few examples of instrumental use. Participants did report actively sharing the research findings with their own networks. Further examination of these second-order knowledge-sharing processes is required, including development of appropriate methods and measures for its assessment. Some participants reported that they would not use the research evidence in their decision making when it contradicted professional experiences, while others used it to support apparently contradictory positions. The online wiki-based 'community of interest' requested by participants was not used.</p>
<p>CONCLUSIONS: Mobilizing knowledge in the area of VAW practice and policy is complex and resource-intensive, and must acknowledge and respect the values of identified knowledge users, while balancing the objectivity of the research and researchers. This paper provides important lessons learned about these processes, including attending to the potential unintended consequences of knowledge sharing.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/commpub/9
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fammedpub-1011
2011-10-31T02:45:04Z
publication:commpub
publication:fammedpub
publication:fammed
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:pmid
publication:faculties
21958556
What Implementation Interventions Increase Cancer Screening Rates? A Systematic Review
Brouwers, Melissa C.
De Vito, Carol
Bahirathan, Lavannya
Carol, Angela
Carroll, June C.
Cotterchio, Michelle
Dobbins, Maureen
Lent, Barbara
Levitt, Cheryl
Lewis, Nancy
McGregor, S. Elizabeth
Paszat, Lawrence
Rand, Carol
Wathen, Nadine
Article
2011-09-29T07:00:00Z
Implementation intervention
Cancer screening rate
Implementation Science
Implementation Science
6
111
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1748-5908-6-111
Oncology
Public Health
<p>BACKGROUND: Appropriate screening may reduce the mortality and morbidity of colorectal, breast, and cervical cancers. However, effective implementation strategies are warranted if the full benefits of screening are to be realized. As part of a larger agenda to create an implementation guideline, we conducted a systematic review to evaluate interventions designed to increase the rate of breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. The interventions considered were: client reminders, client incentives, mass media, small media, group education, one-on-one education, reduction in structural barriers, reduction in out-of-pocket costs, provider assessment and feedback interventions, and provider incentives. Our primary outcome, screening completion, was calculated as the overall median post-intervention absolute percentage point (PP) change in completed screening tests.</p>
<p>METHODS: Our first step was to conduct an iterative scoping review in the research area. This yielded three relevant high-quality systematic reviews. Serving as our evidentiary foundation, we conducted a formal update. Randomized controlled trials and cluster randomized controlled trials, published between 2004 and 2010, were searched in MEDLINE, EMBASE and PSYCHinfo.</p>
<p>RESULTS: The update yielded 66 studies new eligible studies with 74 comparisons. The new studies ranged considerably in quality. Client reminders, small media, and provider audit and feedback appear to be effective interventions to increase the uptake of screening for three cancers. One-on-one education and reduction of structural barriers also appears effective, but their roles with CRC and cervical screening, respectively, are less established. More study is required to assess client incentives, mass media, group education, reduction of out-of-pocket costs, and provider incentive interventions.</p>
<p>CONCLUSION: The new evidence generally aligns with the evidence and conclusions from the original systematic reviews. This review served as the evidentiary foundation for an implementation guideline. Poor reporting, lack of precision and consistency in defining operational elements, and insufficient consideration of context and differences among populations are areas for additional research.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fammedpub/12
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:commpub-1010
2011-11-25T04:56:04Z
publication:commpub
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:faculties
Media, Structures, and Power: The Robert E. Babe Collection
Comor, Edward
Book
2011-01-01T08:00:00Z
Media
Power
Robert Babe
Communication
Film and Media Studies
<em>Media, Structures, and Power</em> is a collection of the scholarly writing of Canada's leading communication and media studies scholar, Robert E. Babe. Spanning almost four decades of scholarship, the volume reflects the breadth of Babe's work, from media and economics to communications history and political economy.
<p>Babe famously characterized Canadian scholars' distinctive contribution to knowledge as uniquely historical, holistic, and dialectical. The essays in <em>Media, Structures, and Power</em> reflect this particular strength. With a clarity of vision, Babe critiques mainstream economics, Canadian government policy, and postmodernist thought in social science. Containing introductions and contributions by other prominent scholars, this volume situates Babe's work within contemporary scholarship and underscores the extent to which he is one of Canada's most prescient thinkers. His interdisciplinary analyses will remain timely and influential well into the twenty-first century. (From online book description)</p>
<p>Dr. Edward Comor was the editor of this book. I<strong></strong>t is not available online here. If you are affiliated with The University of Western Ontario, please use the Shared Library Catalogue's <a href="http://alpha.lib.uwo.ca/" target="_blank">Classic Search</a> to check whether the book is available in Western Libraries.</p>
<p>If you are not affiliated with The University of Western Ontario, search <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/" target="_blank">WorldCat</a> to find out where you can get access to the book.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/commpub/10
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fammedpub-1012
2011-11-26T02:16:22Z
publication:commpub
publication:fammedpub
publication:fammed
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:pmid
publication:faculties
21958602
Effective Interventions to Facilitate the Uptake of Breast, Cervical and Colorectal Cancer Screening: An Implementation Guideline
Brouwers, Melissa C.
De Vito, Carol
Bahirathan, Lavannya
Carol, Angela
Carroll, June C.
Cotterchio, Michelle
Dobbins, Maureen
Lent, Barbara
Levitt, Cheryl
Lewis, Nancy
McGregor, S. Elizabeth
Paszat, Lawrence
Rand, Carol
Wathen, Nadine
Article
2011-09-29T07:00:00Z
Breast cancer
Cervical cancer
Colorectal cancer
Cancer screening
Intervention
Implementation Science
Implementation Science
6
112
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1748-5908-6-112
Medicine and Health Sciences
Public Health
<p>BACKGROUND: Appropriate screening may reduce the mortality and morbidity of colorectal, breast, and cervical cancers. Several high-quality systematic reviews and practice guidelines exist to inform the most effective screening options. However, effective implementation strategies are warranted if the full benefits of screening are to be realized. We developed an implementation guideline to answer the question: What interventions have been shown to increase the uptake of cancer screening by individuals, specifically for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancers?</p>
<p>METHODS: A guideline panel was established as part of Cancer Care Ontario's Program in Evidence-based Care, and a systematic review of the published literature was conducted. It yielded three foundational systematic reviews and an existing guidance document. We conducted updates of these reviews and searched the literature published between 2004 and 2010. A draft guideline was written that went through two rounds of review. Revisions were made resulting in a final set of guideline recommendations.</p>
<p>RESULTS: Sixty-six new studies reflecting 74 comparisons met eligibility criteria. They were generally of poor to moderate quality. Using these and the foundational documents, the panel developed a draft guideline. The draft report was well received in the two rounds of review with mean quality scores above four (on a five-point scale) for each of the items. For most of the interventions considered, there was insufficient evidence to support or refute their effectiveness. However, client reminders, reduction of structural barriers, and provision of provider assessment and feedback were recommended interventions to increase screening for at least two of three cancer sites studied. The final guidelines also provide advice on how the recommendations can be used and future areas for research.</p>
<p>CONCLUSION: Using established guideline development methodologies and the AGREE II as our methodological frameworks, we developed an implementation guideline to advise on interventions to increase the rate of breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screening. While advancements have been made in these areas of implementation science, more investigations are warranted.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fammedpub/13
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:commpub-1011
2012-01-25T23:20:56Z
publication:sociologypub
publication:commpub
publication:sociology
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:faculties
Yes, Canadian Universities Do Discriminate against Their Own Graduates
Mann, Douglas
Response or Comment
2012-01-09T08:00:00Z
Canada
Higher education
University Affairs
Education
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/commpub/11
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:etd-1616
2012-04-27T16:23:05Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:fims_etds
publication:faculties
publication:etd
publication:lis-etd
Intellectual Property and Its Alternatives: Incentives, Innovation and Ideology
McNally, Michael B.
2012-04-18T07:00:00Z
Doctor of Philosophy
Library & Information Science
Dr. Samuel E. Trosow
Dr. Ajit Pyati
Joint Supervisor
English
Intellectual Property
Alternatives to Intellectual Property
Innovation
Theories of the Information Society
Defensive Publishing
Songwriters Association of Canada
Intellectual Property Law
Library and Information Science
<p>This dissertation examines the ability of intellectual property and its alternatives to both facilitate and impede innovation. The thesis begins by positing that a more detailed and nuanced understanding of alternatives to intellectual property is required so that such alternatives can be effectively used to mitigate the problems of the expansionary intellectual property regime. The thesis is that substantive alternatives to intellectual property utilize a broader range of incentive structures to encourage the production and distribution of intellectual goods, facilitate greater access to such goods and their informational content and engender innovative outcomes that go beyond the narrow, instrumentalist goals of wealth creation and productivity growth. Using critical theory as a methodology the dissertation examines both the macro-level intellectual property regime as a whole and uses specific empirical case studies (the Songwriters Association of Canada’s proposal for a monthly fee on internet service providers and defensive publication). The analytical body of the dissertation begins with a critical examination of the expansionary intellectual property regime. It provides a framework for analyzing the case studies beginning with an examination of the incentives for the production and distribution of intellectual works, then scrutinizes the ability of intellectual property and its alternatives to incent innovative activity, and interrogates the ideological aspects of innovation including its use in theories of the information society. The two case studies are then analyzed focusing on the incentive structures used, their ability to generate innovative outcomes and the ideological assumptions of each case. The analysis of the case studies reveals that in its current form the Songwriters Association of Canada’s proposal is not a substantive alternative to intellectual property, but defensive publication is. The thesis concludes with a holistic analysis of intellectual property and its alternatives and provides specific recommendations. The thesis concludes that policymakers must provide greater support for substantive alternatives to intellectual property to increase innovative activity and address major political, social and economic problems. This dissertation makes a significant contribution to the understanding of alternatives to intellectual property and the nature of innovation.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/458
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/context/etd/article/1616/viewcontent/MM_Diss_Revised_Final_20120427.pdf
Dissertation/Thesis
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1025
2012-05-26T15:49:55Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Technology Transfer and Innovation Policy at Canadian Universities: Opportunities and Social Costs
Trosow, Samuel
McNally, Michael B.
Briggs, Laura E
Hoffman, Cameron
Ball, Cassandra D
Jacobs, Adam
Moran, Bridget
Report
2012-05-15T07:00:00Z
Innovation Policy
Technology Transfer
Patents
Spin-offs
Education Policy
Intellectual Property Law
Library and Information Science
<p>This report, supported by a Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC) Knowledge Synthesis Grant, critically examines the role of universities in transmitting knowledge in the forms of technology transfer mechanisms, intellectual property agreements and other knowledge diffusion policies. In reviewing and synthesizing the recent literature on the topic, we seek to provide some initial evidence-based policy recommendations in order to generally strengthen Canada‘s innovation ecosystem and more specifically to maximize the return on the nation‘s investment in higher education research and development.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/23
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1026
2012-08-14T16:52:31Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Objections to the Proposed Access Copyright Post-Secondary Tariff and its Progeny Licenses: A Working Paper
Trosow, Samuel
Armstrong, Scott
Harasym, Brent
Working Paper
2012-08-14T07:00:00Z
Copyright
Tariff
Post-secondary education
Administrative Law
Communication Technology and New Media
Intellectual Property Law
Library and Information Science
<p>On March 31, 2010, Access Copyright applied to the Copyright Board to certify a tariff that would govern the relationship between the organization and the members of the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada (AUCC) and the Association of Community Colleges of Canada (ACCC). Previously, the relationship had been governed by a series of license agreements between the organizations which had been periodically renewed. But Access Copyright chose not to seek renewal of the licenses, and applied to the Board to certify a general tariff that would cover all post-secondary institutions for the period of 2011 through 2013.</p>
<p>Access Copyright was not merely trying to carry forward the terms of previous licensing agreements in the form of a Board certified tariff. Rather, they were seeking a tariff with a much higher rate, wider scope and broader application; one which would place new burdens on the institutions, their staff and students, and which would also jeopardize many of the rights of academic staff and students. This working paper reviews the terms of the Proposed Tariff and its progeny licenses and discusses several of the arguments that have been raised against them. The first general grouping is that many of the provisions are ambiguous, counterintuitive and are based on problematic definitions which attempt to extend the reach of the compensable activities beyond what is authorized by Canadian law. The second broad issue is the lack of value in the Proposed Tariff itself. The third general grouping deals with the audit, reporting, monitoring and survey (ARMS) provisions in the Proposed Tariff and the progeny licenses. With respect to the Proposed Tariff, we argue that several of its terms are also <em>ultra vires </em>the <em>Copyright Act</em> and would not have survived scrutiny had they been fully litigated.</p>
<p>While recent developments have cast a new light on these issues, many of the concerns raised in this report about the Proposed Tariff remain unresolved. Despite strong arguments to the contrary, and their previous opposition to the Proposed Tariff at the Board; AUCC, ACCC and several institutions still felt that a license with Access Copyright was needed. In January 2012, Access Copyright announced they had reached licensing agreements with the University of Toronto and the University of Western Ontario, the terms of which were substantially similar to the proposed tariff. Following the “lead” of UWO and the University of Toronto, AUCC and ACCC have since announced a similar agreement with Access Copyright, resulting in a “Model License,” and they have since dropped their opposition to the Proposed Tariff at the Copyright Board. In this report, we refer to the UWO and University of Toronto agreements and the AUCC/ACCC model licenses as the “progeny” of the Proposed Tariff because despite some differences, they are substantially similar in many respects. </p>
<p>To date, some institutions have accepted the Model License, others have rejected it, and many others had not yet announced their intentions as of the end of July 2012.</p>
<p>This paper is divided into five sections. Following this introduction, section 2 will address some of the definitional problems in the Proposed Tariff and progeny licenses in more detail. First and foremost are the definitions of “copy” and “course collection” which increase the scope of the statutory reproduction right and create other burdens. These overbroad definitions are foundational problems with the tariff/licenses which not only exceed the scope of owners' statutory rights, but will have the potential to substantially impede the delivery of course materials, adversely impact faculty and student privacy rights, and ultimately threaten academic freedom. The other problematic definition involves the “Secure Network,” along with various limitations that flow from this definition.</p>
<p>The third part of this report will ask the question: What value would institutions obtain under the Proposed Tariff and its progeny licences? A review of section 3 of the Proposed Tariff and its progeny indicates that the scope of the permissions does not add very much to what is already permitted under fair dealing and other limitations and exceptions in the <em>Copyright Act</em>. In addition, the scope of Access Copyright's repertoire is ambiguous, and the value of the indemnification clause in the progeny licenses is very limited.</p>
<p>The fourth section will turn to the audit, reporting, monitoring, and survey (ARMS) provisions in the Proposed Tariff. We argue that these measures are overbroad and <em>ultra vires </em>the <em>Copyright Act.</em> They should be substantially scaled back if not entirely eliminated from any eventual tariff order. And while these ARMS provisions have been cast in modified terms in the progeny licenses, these corresponding provisions remain highly problematic.</p>
<p>The last section will look at the implications of more recent developments (including the UWO and UofT licenses of January 30<sup>th</sup>, the AUCC and ACCC Model License, and the withdraw of AUCC from objector status at the Board) for the tariff proceedings which are still pending at the Board. It will close with a summary of the recommendations made throughout this report. And while a full treatment of the implications of the passage of Bill C-11 in June and the Supreme Court's historic July pentalogy is beyond the scope of this report, they will also be considered throughout this report.</p>
<p>Therefore, the overall purpose of this report is to identify and address some of the key issues that have been raised from the outset about the Proposed Tariff dispute, as they remain largely unresolved. In addition to highlighting flaws with the Proposed Tariff and its progeny licenses, we will offer some suggestions for how an effective and fair tariff or license could be crafted. We are calling this report a Working Paper as it is very much still a work in progress given the fast pace of current developments and the still unsettled state of the issues. Many institutions have yet to announce whether they will accept or reject the model license agreement and the status of the tariff proceedings before the Copyright Board still needs to be addressed. </p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/24
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1027
2013-03-31T20:04:03Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
The View From Here: User-Centered Perspectives on Social Network Privacy
Burkell, Jacquelyn A
Fortier, Alexandre
Wong, Lorraine
Simpson, Jennifer Lynn
Report
2013-03-30T07:00:00Z
Privacy
Online Social Networks
<p>A great deal of personal information is released in online social network profiles, and this information is increasingly being sought as evidence in criminal, administrative and civil legal proceedings. Determination of the admissibility of social network profile information rests in part on the issue of subjective expectations of privacy: to what extent do online social network participants expect privacy in their social network profiles? This question is examined through a combination of interviews and focus groups. The results suggest that Facebook as a whole is characterized as a space where participants construct and display a produced version of the self to a large and indeterminate social network. The common perspective is that information posted on social network profiles is selected for social broadcast, and further dissemination (beyond the online social network to which information is disclosed) is therefore both acceptable and to be expected. Although they would prefer profile access to be restricted to a broadly defined social network of friends and acquaintances, online social network participants do not in general expect to control the audience for their profiles, and they therefore typically include only information that ‘everyone’ can know in their online profiles. They thus require and exercise control over the content that is associated with their online profiles, and actions that undermine this control run contrary to privacy expectations.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/25
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1030
2012-12-13T17:02:34Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Social Media for Academic Libraries
Fiander, David J
Book Chapter
2012-01-01T08:00:00Z
libraries
outreach
marketing
promotion
Facebook
Twitter
YouTube
Social Media for Academics: A Practical Guide
193
210
Library and Information Science
This chapter discusses the value of the academic library engaging with its users via social media sites like Facebook and Twitter. The chapter provides some background on research into how libraries have experimented with using Facebook for outreach and how the user community has responded. It gives a brief outline of the process for creating a rich Facebook page for an academic library system and tips for how to market a Facebook page or Twitter account, and how to use social media accounts to promote the library’s services. Finally, it provides some guidance for how an academic library should think about policies for posting to social sites by staff, and how to deal with user comments on social media sites.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/27
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1032
2014-05-07T17:58:54Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Open Textbooks and Provincial Government Policy: A Look at the Issues
Di Valentino, Lisa
Working Paper
2012-01-01T08:00:00Z
ontario
british columbia
higher education
post-secondary education
textbooks
open access
open textbooks
government policy
publishing
financial assistance
http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2353714
Economic Policy
Education Law
Education Policy
Intellectual Property Law
Library and Information Science
Public Economics
Public Policy
<p>In 2012, the British Columbia government announced a plan to fund a program that will result in the creation of open access textbooks for 40 lower-year university courses — the first such program in any of the provinces. This paper will argue that Ontario should follow British Columbia’s lead and invest in the development of a project to create and promote the use of open textbooks. The introduction will discuss the concept of open textbooks and the various initiatives and legislation that have been introduced in the United States, and British Columbia’s plan will be described in more detail. The second section will put forth the reasons that British Columbia’s approach is superior to Ontario’s current approach to rising textbook prices, addressing such issues as affordability, flexibility in teaching and learning, and the commodification of information. Section three will address and respond to several concerns and criticisms of government funding of textbook publishing and open textbooks.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/29
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1034
2014-04-02T15:07:15Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Hidden Surveillance on Consumer Health Information Websites
Burkell, Jacquelyn A
Fortier, Alexandre
Report
2013-03-31T07:00:00Z
privacy
behavioural tracking
consumer health information
websites
Health Information Technology
Information Literacy
Library and Information Science
<p>Behavioural tracking presents a significant privacy risk to Canadians, particularly when their online behaviours reveal sensitive information that could be used to discriminate against them. This concern is particularly relevant in the context of online health information seeking, since searches can reveal details about health conditions and concerns that the individual may wish to keep private. The privacy threats are exacerbated because behavioural tracking mechanisms are large invisible to users, and many are unaware of the strategies and mechanisms available to track online behaviour. In this project, we seek to document the behavioural tracking practices of consumer health websites, and to examine the privacy policy disclosures of these same practices. The results of our research demonstrate that tracking is widespread on consumer health information websites; furthermore, sites recommended by Information Professionals are similar to sites returned in Google searches in terms of overall tracking, though they show lower levels of third-party advertiser presence. Privacy policy disclosure of tracking practices is largely ineffective, and website visitors cannot easily determine tracking practices from a review of the website privacy policies. Taken together, these results suggest that alternative mechanisms are required to detect and/or mitigate or neutralize the behavioural tracking measures used on many consumer health information websites.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/31
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1035
2016-10-21T20:37:30Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
The McDonaldization of Academic Libraries and the Values of Transformational Change
Nicholson, Karen P
Article
2015-03-01T08:00:00Z
ACRL
College & Research Libraries ACRL
328
doi:10.5860/crl.76.3.328
338
Library and Information Science
<p>CC BY-NC</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/32
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1036
2015-10-04T14:45:56Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Transitioning & Preparing Library Students: Canadian PD Programs
Kelly, Amanda R
Lacey, Sajni
Presentation
2015-01-29T08:00:00Z
Professional Development; Student Development; Professional Education; Career Development; Graduate Students
Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research
Educational Methods
Library and Information Science
<p>In an increasingly competitive job market, extra-curricular professional development (PD) opportunities prepare and equip Masters-level LIS students to secure employment and excel in their careers. In addition to reviewing and examining existing extra-curricular PD initiatives available through current ALA accredited Masters-level programs in Canada, a potential structure for developing, framing, and delivering PD programs is proposed. Findings from a review of university websites reveal a lack of consistency across schools in PD opportunities geared to transitioning and preparing students for future careers. Prospective directions for educational organizations to further develop their program offerings for students and recent graduates are explored.</p>
<p>Poster presentation at Ontario Library Association Super Conference 2015</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/33
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:commpub-1012
2015-11-02T20:19:40Z
publication:commpub
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:faculties
Commercial Content Moderation: Digital Laborers' Dirty Work
Roberts, Sarah T.
Book Chapter
2016-01-01T08:00:00Z
digital labour
digital labor
social media
commercial content moderation
CCM
user-generated content
UGC
race
racism
gender
intersectionality
internet
internet studies
digital media
digital media studies
viral videos
viral
youtube
megatech
silicon valley
antoine dodson
hillary adams
yasiin bey
mos def
oscar grant
eric garner
tamir rice
police brutality
child abuse
Communication
Communication Technology and New Media
Film and Media Studies
Gender, Race, Sexuality, and Ethnicity in Communication
Library and Information Science
Social Media
<p>In this chapter from the forthcoming Intersectional Internet: Race, Sex, Class and Culture Online (Noble and Tynes, Eds., 2016), I introduce both the concept of commercial content moderation (CCM) work and workers, as well as the ways in which this unseen work affects how users experience the Internet of social media and user-generated content (UGC). I tie it to issues of race and gender by describing specific cases of viral videos that transgressed norms and by providing examples from my interviews with CCM workers. The interventions of CCM workers on behalf of the platforms for which they labor directly contradict myths of the Internet as a site for free, unmediated expression, and highlight the complexities of how and why racist, homophobic, violent, and sexist content exists, and persists, in a social media landscape that often purports to disallow it.</p>
<p>Book chapter published in <em>The Intersectional Internet: Race, Sex, Class and Culture Online</em>, edited by S. U. Noble & B. Tynes, and published by Peter Lang Publishing.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/commpub/12
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1037
2015-10-21T16:26:00Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Empowered to Name, Inspired to Act: Social Responsibility and Diversity as Calls to Action in the LIS Context
Roberts, Sarah T.
Noble, Safiya Umoja
Article
2016-01-01T08:00:00Z
LIS
pedagogy
ALA
American Library Association
ethics
social justice
equity
race
racism
Whiteness
#blacklivesmatter
Steven Salaita
University of Illinois
University of California
diversity
praxis
social responsibility
curriculum
Core Values of Librarianship
ALA Key Action Areas
activism
praxis
Library Trends
Education
Library and Information Science
Social and Philosophical Foundations of Education
<p>Social responsibility and diversity are two principle tenets of the field of library and information science (LIS), as defined by the American Library Association’s <em>Core Values of Librarianship</em> document, yet often remain on the margins of LIS education, leading to limited student engagement with these concepts and to limited faculty modeling of socially responsible interventions. In this paper, we take up the need to increase the role of both in articulating the values of diversity and social responsibility in LIS education, and argue the field should broaden to put LIS students and faculty in dialog with contemporary social issues of social inequality and injustice whenever possible. We also examine two specific cases of socially responsible activism spearheaded by LIS faculty and how these experiences shape, and are shaped by, curricular commitments to addressing the values of social responsibility and diversity in LIS in the classroom and through research. The development of a social responsibility orientation and skillset, along with literacies of diversity, we argue, leads to better-prepared practitioners and an LIS community that is more actively engaged with its environment. The impetus for students to act can be empowered by faculty modeling a commitment to social responsibility and diversity in their own professional lives.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/34
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1038
2015-11-06T14:33:18Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Enhancing Key Digital Literacy Skills: Information Privacy, Information Security, and Copyright/Intellectual Property
Burkell, Jacquelyn A
Fortier, Alexandre
Di Valentino, Lisa
Roberts, Sarah T.
Report
2015-10-01T07:00:00Z
digital literacy
information privacy
information security
copyright
intellectual property
Library and Information Science
<h1>Key Messages</h1>
<p><em>Background</em></p>
<ul>
<li>Knowledge and skills in the areas of information security, information privacy, and copyright/intellectual property rights and protection are of key importance for organizational and individual success in an evolving society and labour market in which information is a core resource.</li>
<li>Organizations require skilled and knowledgeable professionals who understand risks and responsibilities related to the management of information privacy, information security, and copyright/intellectual property.</li>
<li>Professionals with this expertise can assist organizations to ensure that they and their employees meet requirements for the privacy and security of information in their care and control, and in order to ensure that neither the organization nor its employees contravene copyright provisions in their use of information.</li>
<li>Failure to meet any of these responsibilities can expose the organization to reputational harm, legal action and/or financial loss.</li>
</ul>
<p><em>Context</em></p>
<ul>
<li>Inadequate or inappropriate information management practices of individual employees are at the root of organizational vulnerabilities with respect to information privacy, information security, and information ownership issues. Users demonstrate inadequate skills and knowledge coupled with inappropriate practices in these areas, and similar gaps at the organizational level are also widely documented.</li>
<li>National and international regulatory frameworks governing information privacy, information security, and copyright/intellectual property are complex and in constant flux, placing additional burden on organizations to keep abreast of relevant regulatory and legal responsibilities.</li>
<li>Governance and risk management related to information privacy, security, and ownership are critical to many job categories, including the emerging areas of information and knowledge management. There is an increasing need for skilled and knowledgeable individuals to fill organizational roles related to information management, with particular growth in these areas within the past 10 years. Our analysis of current job postings in Ontario supports the demand for skills and knowledge in these areas.</li>
</ul>
<p><em>Key Competencies</em></p>
<ul>
<li>We have developed a set of key competencies across a range of areas that responds to these needs by providing a blueprint for the training of information managers prepared for leadership and strategic positions. These competencies are identified in the full report.</li>
<li>Competency areas include:
<ul>
<li>conceptual foundations</li>
<li>risk assessment</li>
<li>tools and techniques for threat responses</li>
<li>communications</li>
<li>contract negotiation and compliance</li>
<li>evaluation and assessment</li>
<li>human resources management</li>
<li>organizational knowledge management</li>
<li>planning; policy awareness and compliance</li>
<li>policy development</li>
<li>project management</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Knowledge synthesis report submitted to the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/35
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:commpub-1013
2016-02-18T21:46:09Z
publication:commpub
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:faculties
Through Google-Colored Glass(es): Design, Emotion, Class, and Wearables as Commodity and Control
Noble, Safiya Umoja
Roberts, Sarah T.
Book Chapter
2016-01-01T08:00:00Z
Google
Google Glass
surveillance
privacy
emotions
technology
information ethics
design
wearables
panopticon
class
race
prison
buses
San Francisco
Ellis Act
Seattle
uncanny valley
biodata
Communication
Communication Technology and New Media
Critical and Cultural Studies
Fashion Design
Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies
Film and Media Studies
Gender, Race, Sexuality, and Ethnicity in Communication
Race, Ethnicity and Post-Colonial Studies
Social Media
<p>This chapter discusses the implications of wearable technologies like Google Glass that function as a tool for occupying, commodifying, and profiting from the bio- logical, psychological, and emotional data of its wearers and those who fall within its gaze. We argue that Google Glass privileges an imaginary of unbridled exploration and intrusion into the physical and emotional space of others. Glass’s recognizable esthetic and outward-facing camera has elicited intense emotional response, partic- ularly when “exploration” has taken place in areas of San Francisco occupied by residents who were finding themselves priced out or evicted from their homes to make way for the techno-elite. We find that very few trade and popular press articles have focused on the failure of Glass along these dimensions, while the surveillance and class-based aspects of Google Glass are fundamental to an accurate rendering of the product’s trajectory and the public’s emotional response to this product. The goal of this chapter is to foreground dimensions of surveillance and economics, class and resistance, in the face of unending rollouts of new wearable products designed to integrate seamlessly with everyday life—for those, of course, who can afford them. Ultimately, we believe more nuanced, intersectional analyses of power along race, class, and gender must be at the forefront of future research on wearable technologies. Our goal is to raise important critiques of the commodification of emotions, and the expansion of the surveillance state vis-à-vis Google’s increasing and unrivaled information empire, the longstanding social costs of which have yet to be fully articulated.</p>
<p>Noble, S. & Roberts, S. T. (2016). Through Google-Colored Glass(es): Design, Emotion, Class, and Wearables as Commodity and Control. In S. Tettegah & S. Noble (Eds.) <a href="http://store.elsevier.com/Emotions-Technology-and-Design/isbn-9780128018729/" target="_blank">Emotions, Technology & Design</a>. pp. 187-210. San Diego: Elsevier Academic Press.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/commpub/13
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1039
2015-11-04T17:41:32Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Health Literacy Promotion: Contemporary Conceptualizations and Current Implementations in Canadian Health Librarianship
Dalmer, Nicole K
Article
2013-01-01T08:00:00Z
health literacy
librarianship
public library
hospital library
academic library
Journal of the Canadian Health Libraries Association
12
http://dx.doi.org/10.5596/c13-004
16
Health Communication
Library and Information Science
Public Health Education and Promotion
<strong>Research questions</strong>: What are the current conceptualizations of health literacy, and what strategies are Canadian health librarians in public, academic, and hospital libraries enacting to put health literacy promotion into practice?
<strong> Data sources</strong>: Serving as the basis of this scoping review, library and information science, health sciences, and interdisciplinary databases were searched using key terms relating to health literacy promotion as it relates to services, programming, or resources used in a variety of library settings. A web searched allowed for the inclusion of grey literature sources.
<strong>Study selection:</strong> Data sources were searched using a combination of subject headings and keywords relating to health literacy and librarians or libraries, which served as the inclusion criteria. Sources were also selected for their Canadian context or content and for health literacy promotion programs or services that took place in academic, public, or hospital library settings. Data extraction: Data sources included journal articles, government publications, library association reports, dissertations, grey literature, reviews, and newspaper articles. Data were extracted from selected Canadian data sources, identifying the type of library in which health literacy promotion-related programs were situated, the program's scope, topics covered, and the resources used or developed.
<strong>Results:</strong> The established link between low health literacy and poor health outcomes allows librarians to play an active role in promoting the quality of life of their patrons. Summaries from research articles and publications from library associations provide descriptions of health literacy promotion efforts in public libraries, followed by an examination of the role librarians play in promoting health literacy skills or knowledge in academic and hospital libraries. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Analyses of recent health literacy initiatives and programming, including educational programs, electronic or web resources, and cross-discipline committees reveal the diversity of innovative tactics implemented by librarians to promote health literacy. Health literacy awareness is a tool all librarians can incorporate into their interactions with patrons. Current barriers and sources for future inquiry surrounding health literacy promotion in libraries highlight the need for librarians to promote their skill set as a means to gain inclusion as key players in national action plans concerning health literacy promotion.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/36
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:commpub-1014
2015-12-01T18:24:27Z
publication:commpub
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:faculties
Digital Refuse: Canadian Garbage, Commercial Content Moderation and the Global Circulation of Social Media’s Waste
Roberts, Sarah T.
Article
2016-01-01T08:00:00Z
e-waste
commercial content moderation
ccm
Philippines
garbage
Canada
globalization
neoliberalization
digital economy
social media
environment
global North
global South
BPO
business process outsourcing
Wi: Journal of Mobile Media
Communication
Communication Technology and New Media
Environmental Studies
Film and Media Studies
Gender, Race, Sexuality, and Ethnicity in Communication
Race, Ethnicity and Post-Colonial Studies
Social Media
<p>The story of a rogue Canadian garbage barge attempting to offload illegal garbage in the Philippines opens this article on techno-trash, in order to underline both the relationships between countries of the Global North with countries of the Global South in matters of waste, as well as to reframe discussions of techno-trash as one fundamentally tied to material things. The definition of techno-trash is then expanded, to cover digital detritus created through an entirely digital set of practices I term “Commercial Content Moderation.” The attempt to offload mounds of e-waste and the similar ways in which a great deal of physical trash circulates around the globe are then directly connected to the kind of disposal that CCM workers do, increasingly undertaken in sites like the Philippines, the Business Process Outsourcing (or BPO) capital of world. Such e-waste arrives in the archipelago for dismantling, repurpose and storage alongside outsourced CCM work, with many of the objects now deemed “waste” once crucial to the production of the very material for which CCM workers now screen and remove.</p>
<p>Pre-production copy of an article to be printed in January 2016 edition of <em>Wi: Journal of mobile media</em>.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/commpub/14
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1040
2016-10-21T20:35:22Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Awareness and Perception of Copyright Among Teaching Faculty at Canadian Universities
Di Valentino, Lisa
Article
2015-01-01T08:00:00Z
copyright
faculty
academic libraries
survey
Partnership: The Canadian Journal of Library and Information Practice and Research
1
http://dx.doi.org/10.21083/partnership.v10i2.3556
16
Higher Education
Intellectual Property Law
Library and Information Science
<p>This article describes the background, methodology, and results of a study undertaken in 2014 to determine university faculty awareness and perceptions of copyright as it affects their teaching. An online survey questionnaire was distributed to teaching faculty across Canada, seeking feedback about the copyright policies and training opportunities at their institutions, where they go for copyright assistance, and how they would respond to various copyright-related scenarios that may arise in the course of teaching.<br /><br />Most of the respondents are aware of the copyright policies or guidelines at their universities, but much fewer know whether or not their institution offers copyright training. Of those who are aware of training opportunities, only one third have taken advantage of them. When needing assistance, faculty members are most likely to go to a librarian or to the institution’s copyright policy.<br /><br />Responses to the four scenarios suggest that faculty members are more likely to share digital copyrighted materials (including online works) with their students, whereas they are more likely to ask permission or guidance when it comes to print materials.<br /><br />Comments from the respondents touch upon issues of the complexity of copyright, and the often time-consuming process of obtaining permissions for the use of copyrighted materials in teaching.</p>
<p>This study was supported by an Ontario Graduate Scholarship.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/37
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:commpub-1015
2016-03-08T16:36:04Z
publication:commpub
publication:fims
publication:fimspub
publication:faculties
In/visibility
Roberts, Sarah T.
Book Chapter
2016-01-01T08:00:00Z
visibility
invisibility
commercial content moderation
ccm
social media
digital labour
user-generated content
Communication
Communication Technology and New Media
Critical and Cultural Studies
Film and Media Studies
Library and Information Science
<p>In online life there is a normative supposition that the information- and image-rich environment of the web and other platforms should provide unfettered access to the circulation of all types of content. Less attention is paid to what is <em>not</em> seen, to the <em>invisible</em>—be it actual content that is rescinded, altered or removed, or the opaque decision-making processes that maintain its flow. I<em>n/visibility </em>online is central to the intertwined functions/mechanisms of user experience and platform control, further operationalized under globalized, technologically driven capitalism. A digital labour phenomenon that is both responsible for it and relies upon it: is commercial content moderation, or CCM, taken up in this paper within the context of in/visibility.</p>
<p>From the forthcoming volume, Surplus3: Labour and the Digital.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/commpub/15
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1041
2016-04-04T16:03:10Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Social capital and Library and Information Science research: definitional chaos or coherent research enterprise?
Johnson, Catherine A, Dr.
Article
2015-12-01T08:00:00Z
social capital
library and information science research
Information Research
Library and Information Science
Social and Behavioral Sciences
<p><strong>Introduction. </strong>This paper presents a review of research framed within the concept of social capital and published by Library and Information Science (LIS) researchers.</p>
<p><strong>Method. </strong>Ninety-nine papers fitting the criteria of having a specific library and information science orientation were identified from two LIS-focused periodical databases: Library and Information Science and Technology Abstracts (LISTA) and Library Literature.</p>
<p><strong>Analysis.</strong> Each of the papers was read to identify which social capital theorists were cited, the research area of the researchers and how social capital was conceptualised and measured.</p>
<p><strong>Results. </strong>The review found that although social capital was conceptualised somewhat differently depending on the research focus, social capital, in general, was investigated from either a societal or individual (and sometimes both) perspective and was defined as the benefits derived from both bonding and bridging ties.</p>
<p><strong>Conclusion. </strong>Although the conceptualisation of social capital across the various research areas in library and information science has largely converged, there still remain concerns about measurement validity.<strong></strong></p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/42
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1042
2016-05-11T20:46:11Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Remembering Me: Big Data, Individual Identity, and the Psychological Necessity of Forgetting
Burkell, Jacquelyn A
Article
2016-03-01T08:00:00Z
Big data
Privacy
Identity
Ethics and Information Technology
17
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10676-016-9393-1
23
Communication
Library and Information Science
Science and Technology Studies
<p>Each of us has a personal narrative: a story that defines us, and one that we tell about ourselves to our inner and outer worlds. A strong sense of identity is rooted in a personal narrative that has coherence and correspondence (Conway, 2005): coherence in the sense that the story we tell is consistent with and supportive of our current version of ‘self’; and correspondence in the sense that the story reflects the contents of autobiographical memory and the meaning of our experiences. These goals are achieved by a reciprocal interaction of autobiographical memory and the self, in which memories consistent with the self-image are reinforced, in turn strengthening the self-image they reflect. Thus, personal narratives depend crucially on the malleable nature of autobiographical memory: a strong sense of self requires that one remember what matters, and forget what does not.</p>
<p>Today, anyone who is active online generates a highly detailed, ever--expanding, and permanent digital biographical ‘memory’– memory that identifies where we go, what we say, who we see, and what we do in increasing detail as our physical lives become more and more enmeshed with electronic devices capable of recording our communications, online activities, movements, and even bodily functions. This paper explores the consequences of this digital record for identity, arguing that it presents a challenge to our ability to construct our own personal narratives – narratives that are central to a sense of ‘self’. In the end, the ‘right to be forgotten’ may be, above all else, a psychological necessity that is core to identity – and therefore a value that we must ensure is protected.</p>
<p>Final version appears in Ethics and Information Technology, 18(1), 17-23. The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10676-016-9393-1</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/38
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1043
2016-06-06T16:57:29Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
A Model of Social Media Engagement: User Profiles, Gratifications, and Experiences
McCay-Peet, Lori
Quan-Haase, Anabel
Book Chapter
2016-01-01T08:00:00Z
user engagement
social media
Twitter
Facebook
uses and gratifications
serendipity
outcome
happiness
Communication Technology and New Media
Library and Information Science
Mass Communication
Social Media
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/40
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1044
2016-06-09T12:42:04Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Illusions of a ‘Bond’: Tagging Cultural Products across Online Platforms
Desrochers, Nadine
Laplante, Audrey
Quan-Haase, Anabel
Martin, Kim
Spiteri, Louise
Article
2016-07-01T07:00:00Z
social tagging
Bond
social media
social platforms
digital content
curation
Journal of Documentation
Communication Technology and New Media
Information Literacy
Library and Information Science
Mass Communication
Scholarly Communication
<p><strong>Structured Abstract</strong></p>
<p><strong>Purpose</strong></p>
<p>Most studies pertaining to social tagging focus on one platform or platform type, thus limiting the scope of their findings. This study explores social tagging practices across four platforms in relation to cultural products associated with the book <em>Casino Royale</em>, by Ian Fleming.</p>
<p><strong>Design/methodology/approach</strong></p>
<p>A layered and nested case study approach was used to analyze data from four online platforms: Goodreads, Last.fm, WordPress, and public library social discovery platforms. The top-level case study focuses on the book <em>Casino Royale</em>, by Ian Fleming, and its derivative products. The analysis of tagging practices in each of the four online platforms is nested within the top-level case study. ‘Casino Royale’ was conceptualized as a cultural product (the book), its derived products (e.g., movies, theme songs), as well as a keyword in blogs. A qualitative, inductive, and context-specific approach was chosen to identify commonalities in tagging practices across platforms whilst taking into account the uniqueness of each platform.</p>
<p><strong>Findings</strong></p>
<p>The four platforms comprise different communities of users, each platform with its own cultural norms and tagging practices. Traditional access points in the library catalogues focused on the subject, location, and fictitious characters of the book. User-generated content across the four platforms emphasized historical events and periods related to the book, and highlighted more subjective access points, such as recommendations, tone, mood, reaction, and reading experience. Revealing shifts occur in the tags between the original book and its cultural derivatives: Goodreads and library catalogues focus almost exclusively on the book, while Last.fm and WordPress make additional cross-references to a wider range of different cultural products, including books, movies, and music. The analyses also yield apparent similarities in certain platforms, such as recurring terms, phrasing and composite or multifaceted tags, as well as a strong presence of genre-related terms for the book and music.</p>
<p><strong>Originality/value</strong></p>
<p>The layered and nested case study approach presents a more comprehensive theoretical viewpoint and methodological framework by which to explore the study of user-generated metadata pertaining to a range of related cultural products across a variety of online platforms.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/39
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1045
2016-09-30T11:59:29Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
“Taking back” information literacy: Time and the one-shot in the neoliberal university
Nicholson, Karen P.
Book Chapter
2016-01-01T08:00:00Z
Critical library pedagogy handbook
25
39
Library and Information Science
<p>Nicholson, K. P. (2016). “Taking back” information literacy: Time and the one-shot in the neoliberal university. In N. Pagowsky & K. McElroy (eds.), <strong><em>Critical library pedagogy handbook</em></strong> (vol. 1) (pp. 25-39). Chicago: ACRL.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/41
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1046
2016-10-13T21:38:04Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Display and Control in Online Social Spaces: Toward a Typology of Users
Burkell, Jacquelyn A
Fortier, Alexandre
Article
2016-01-01T08:00:00Z
online social network
facebook
self-representation
online identity
privacy
New Media and Society
Library and Information Science
<p>Online social networks are spaces of social <em>display</em> where an astronomical amount of personal information, which would once have been characterized as private, is shared with a loose community of friends or followers. This broad sharing does not preclude participant interest in <em>control</em>, both<em> </em>over the content of the social network profile and over the audience that has access to that profile. Thus, issues of display and control are in tension in the context of online social networking. The goal of this research is to articulate the different subjective perspectives that characterize Facebook users with respect to the control that they exert over content that they share and audience with whom they share it. </p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/43
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1048
2016-10-23T19:50:05Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Mapping textually-mediated information practice in clinical midwifery care
McKenzie, Pamela J.
Book Chapter
2006-01-01T08:00:00Z
social order
mediated texts
midwifery
textual theory
information providers
1
39
Library and Information Science
<p>McKenzie, Pamela J. 2006. <a href="http://publish.uwo.ca/~pmckenzi/McKenzie_2006_Mapping_textually-mediated_information_practice.pdf">Mapping textually-mediated information practice in clinical midwifery care.</a> In: Spink, Amanda, and Charles Cole, eds. <em><a href="http://www.springer.com/sgw/cda/frontpage/0,11855,4-155-22-68653763-detailsPage%253Dppmmedia%257CaboutThisBook%257CaboutThisBook,00.html">New Directions in Human Information Behavior</a></em>. Springer.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/44
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1047
2016-10-23T19:45:37Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Interpretive Repertoires
McKenzie, Pamela J.
Book Chapter
2005-01-01T08:00:00Z
discourse analysis
constructionist
information behaviour
1
6
Library and Information Science
<p>McKenzie, Pamela J. 2005. <a href="http://publish.uwo.ca/~pmckenzi/McKenzie.pdf">Interpretative repertoires.</a> In Karen E. Fisher, Sanda Erdelez, and Lynne (E.F.) McKechnie, Eds. <em>Theories of information behavior: A researcher's guide</em>. Medford, NJ: Information Today. </p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/45
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1050
2017-07-24T21:44:52Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Producing storytime: A collectivist analysis of work in a complex communicative space
McKenzie, Pamela J.
Stooke, Rosamund
Article
2007-01-01T08:00:00Z
library programming
story time
library administration
library as space
library users
Library Quarterly
3
doi:10.1086/512953
27
Library and Information Science
<p>Storytime programs for young children are ritual events in the everyday life of the public library. This article analyzes data from two such programs to identify and analyze the work carried out by program leaders, their adult and child participants, and other social actors in other settings (e.g., library CEOs) in order to enable the program to happen. The study builds on research on the public library as a physical space and on the library in the life of the user by describing the often invisible literacy, information, and caring work that goes into accomplishing social settings within the physical space of the library. We contend that the work carried out to produce storytime is both discursively bound and value laden and that storytime participants constitute an emerging discourse community whose work coordinates and is simultaneously coordinated by the ongoing creation and maintenance of its discursive boundaries.</p>
<p>Library Quarterly, vol. 77, no. 1, pp. 3–27. 2007 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved.</p>
<p>Jstor url: <a target="_blank">http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/512953</a></p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/46
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1049
2016-10-23T20:01:59Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Putting the pieces together: Endometriosis blogs, cognitive authority, and collaborative information behavior
Neal, Diane M.
McKenzie, Pamela J.
Article
2011-04-01T07:00:00Z
discourse analysis
blogs
chronic illness
endometriosis
information behaviour
Journal of the Medical Library Association
127
10.3163/1536-5050.99.2.004
134
Library and Information Science
<h3>Objective:</h3>
<p id="x-__p1">A discourse analysis was conducted of peer-written blogs about the chronic illness endometriosis to understand how bloggers present information sources and make cases for and against the authority of those sources.</p>
<h3>Methods:</h3>
<p id="x-__p2">Eleven blogs that were authored by endometriosis patients and focused exclusively or primarily on the authors' experiences with endometriosis were selected. After selecting segments in which the bloggers invoked forms of knowledge and sources of evidence, the text was discursively analyzed to reveal how bloggers establish and dispute the authority of the sources they invoke.</p>
<h3>Results:</h3>
<p id="x-__p3">When discussing and refuting authority, the bloggers invoked many sources of evidence, including experiential, peer-provided, biomedical, and intuitive ones. Additionally, they made and disputed claims of cognitive authority via two interpretive repertoires: a concern about the role and interests of the pharmaceutical industry and an understanding of endometriosis as extremely idiosyncratic. <em>Affective</em>authority of information sources was also identified, which presented as social context, situational similarity, or aesthetic or spiritual factors.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/47
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1052
2016-10-23T20:33:36Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Trying to Help without getting in their Faces: Public Library Staff Descriptions of Providing Consumer Health Information
Borman, C Brandi
McKenzie, Pamela J.
Article
2005-01-01T08:00:00Z
Reference & User Services Quarterly
133
146
Library and Information Science
<p>Several recent studies have analyzed users' descriptions of the reference transaction, but little research has analyzed library staff members' accounts of reference encounters. This article builds on the work of Marie Radford and the authors of the "library visit" studies by examining library staff members' descriptions of providing consumer health reference services. WE conclude that an in-depth study of staff members' accounts can provide insight into the different ways that library staff members and users construct problems in the reference encounter and can therefore suggest potential solutions. </p>
<p>(c) 2005 American Library Association. </p>
<p>Reference & User Services Quarterly vol. 45, no. 2.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/49
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1053
2016-10-23T20:37:05Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Connecting with Information Sources: How Accounts of Information Seeking Take Discursive Action
McKenzie, Pamela J.
Article
2003-01-01T08:00:00Z
constructivist discourse analysis
pregnancy
information practices
positioning theory
New Review of Information Behaviour Research
161
174
Library and Information Science
<p>Taking a discursive approach to information seeking research can allow researchers to move away from considering information seekers’ accounts as transparent and unproblematic representations their information behaviour or underlying cognitive and affective processes. This paper uses a constructivist discourse analytic approach to study the discursive functions performed by accounts of information seeking in a particular context – the ways that individuals use information-seeking stories to “position” themselves discursively. This paper analyses four modes of information practice (Active seeking, Active scanning, Everyday monitoring, Information seeking by proxy) present in participants’ accounts of connecting with information sources. Although the four modes represent varying levels of active engagement in information seeking, accounts of the four modes fulfilled the same discursive function of demonstrating the individual to be an autonomous actor, someone who is active, connected, attentive to the environment, alert to unexpected possibilities, and receptive to appropriate forms of information. Working from a constructivist discourse analytic approach allows the researcher to attend both to the characteristics of the information-seeking context (in this case, pregnancy) and to the researcher-participant interaction and the functions that accounts of information seeking perform within it. It is then possible to study the ways that accounts of information seeking may themselves take discursive action.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/50
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1051
2016-10-23T20:22:51Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
The Seeking of Baby-Feeding Information by Canadian Women Pregnant with Twins
McKenzie, Pamela J.
Article
2006-05-01T07:00:00Z
Infant Feeding
Information Seeking Behavior
Pregnancy Multiple
Qualitative Studies
Midwifery
218
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2005.03.006
227
Library and Information Science
<p>Objective: to analyse baby-feeding information needs and seeking described by Canadian women pregnant with twins. Design, setting, and participants: in-depth semi-structured interviews with 19 pregnant women were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts provided the data for discourse analysis of the use of two interpretative repertoires. Measurements and findings: the first interpretative repertoire represented caring for twins as fundamentally distinct from caring for singly-born children and therefore emphasised the commonality of mothers of twins regardless of their background or situation. The second highlighted the uniqueness and individuality of each person. These repertoires intersect with discourses of baby- feeding and good mothering, resulting in a complex discursive interplay of similarity and difference, commonality and individuality, information seeking, baby-feeding and good mothering. Participants used the two interpretative repertoires to a) frame information needs; b) construct complex accounts of the biomedical, experiential, and personalised authority of information sources, c) describe the helpfulness of information sources independent of their authority; and d) describe the barriers encountered in the finding appropriate sources of babyfeeding information antenatally. Implications: understanding and respecting the discursive constructions of pregnancy and mothering can help practitioners understand the complex discursive interplay underlying participants’ baby-feeding decisions and may facilitate more sensitive support for women’s individual needs and understandings.</p>
Pamela J. McKenzie
Midwifery, Vol. 22, Issue 3, p218–227
Published in issue: September 2006
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/48
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1054
2016-10-27T14:14:15Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Hidden online surveillance: What librarians should know to protect their privacy and that of their patrons
Fortier, Alexandre
Burkell, Jacquelyn
Article
2015-01-01T08:00:00Z
intellectual freedom
privacy concerns
Online surveillance
patron rights
behavioural tracking
Journal of Information Technology and Libraries
59
http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/ital.v34i3.5495
72
Library and Information Science
<p>Librarians have a professional responsibility to protect the right to access information free from surveillance. This right is at risk from a new and increasing threat: the collection and use of non-personally identifying information such as IP addresses through online behavioral tracking. This paper provides an overview of behavioral tracking, identifying the risks and benefits, describes the mechanisms used to track this information, and offers strategies that can be used to identify and limit behavioral tracking. We argue that this knowledge is critical for librarians in two interconnected ways. First, librarians should be evaluating recommended websites with respect to behavioral tracking practices to help protect patron privacy; second, they should be providing digital literacy education about behavioral tracking to empower patrons to protect their own privacy online.</p>
<p>Originally published in the <em>Journal of Information Technology and Libraries. <br /><br /><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/ital.v34i3.5495" id="x-x-pub-id::doi">http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/ital.v34i3.5495</a> </em></p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/53
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1056
2016-10-27T14:31:41Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Implementing technology in the justice sector: A Canadian perspective.
Bailey, J
Burkell, Jacquelyn
Article
2013-01-01T08:00:00Z
technology
justice
courts
efficiency
cost reduction
Canadian Journal of Law and Technology
253
253
Law
Library and Information Science
<p>Despite the many technological advances that could benefit the court system, the use of computers and network technology to facilitate court procedures is still in its infancy, and court procedures largely remain attached to paper documents and to the physical presence of the parties at all stages. More and more research is focusing on the use of technology to make the legal system more efficient and to reduce excessive legal costs and delays. The goal of this exploratory research project is to examine the experience of justice sector technology implementation from<br />the perspective of individuals involved first-hand in the implementation process. This study will provide insight into the political and cultural factors that support and hinder the implementation of technologies in the justice sector. Unstructured interviews were conducted with individuals involved in the planning and implementation of technological change in Canadian courts in order to gather their perspectives on the change process. These key informants were asked to discuss the process of technological change in their courts, the barriers that they experienced to such technological change, and the factors that promote or support the implementation<br />of technology by courts. A grounded theory approach was used to identify<br />emergent themes related to these questions. The results provide insight into the factors that promote and impede the implementation of technologies by Canadian courts.</p>
<p>Originally published in the <em>Canadian Journal of Law and Technology 11(2). </em></p>
<p><em>https://ojs.library.dal.ca/CJLT/article/view/5999</em></p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/51
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1055
2016-10-27T14:26:03Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Access to justice for all: Towards an “expansive vision” of justice and technology.
Bailey, Jane
Burkell, Jacquelyn A
Reynolds, Graham
Article
2013-01-01T08:00:00Z
access
justice
technological access
Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice
181
207
Library and Information Science
<p><em>In this paper, the authors examine developments in the Canadian access to justice dialogue from Macdonald’s seminal 2005 analysis to the recent reports of the National Action Committee on Access to Justice in Civil and Family Matters [NAC]. They draw on the NAC’s call for an “expansive vision” of access to justice as the basis for critically evaluating examples of particular technologies used or proposed as responses to the access to justice crisis in Canada. In so doing, they illustrate the importance of conscious consideration of deliverables and beneficiaries in prioritizing technologies for deployment, in determining how the technology ought to be deployed, and in evaluating the potential of a technology to facilitate access to justice. The authors argue that nuanced accounts of the relationships between justice deliverables, technological mechanisms for delivery and intended justice beneficiaries are essential to developing good decision-making mechanisms with respect to access to justice and technology.</em></p>
<p><em> </em></p>
<p><em>Dans le présent article, les auteurs examinent l’évolution du dialogue canadien sur l’accès à la justice, depuis l’analyse fondamentale de Macdonald en 2005 jusqu’aux récents rapports du Comité national d’action sur l’accès à la justice en matière civile et familiale (CNA). Ils se fondent sur la « vision élargie » de l’accès à la justice réclamée par le CNA pour évaluer de façon critique les exemples de technologies particulières utilisées ou proposées pour répondre à la crise de l’accès à la justice au Canada. Ce faisant, ils illustrent l’importance d’examiner de façon consciente les livrables et les bénéficiaires pour classer par ordre de priorité les technologies à déployer, pour déterminer comment la technologie devrait être déployée et pour évaluer le potentiel d’une technologie de faciliter l’accès à la justice. Les auteurs soutiennent que des comptes rendus nuancés des rapports entre les livrables en matière de justice, les mécanismes de livraison technologiques et les bénéficiaires prévus sont essentiels pour élaborer de bons mécanismes décisionnels en ce qui concerne l’accès à la justice et la technologie.</em></p>
<p>Originally published in the Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice, 2013. </p>
<p>http://ojs.uwindsor.ca/ojs/leddy/index.php/WYAJ/article/view/4419</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/52
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1057
2016-10-27T14:47:23Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
User-generated content 1: Overview, current state, and context
McKenzie, Pamela J.
Burkell, Jacquelyn
Trosow, Samuel E.
Whippey, Caroline
Wong, Lola
Article
2012-01-01T08:00:00Z
First Monday
413
422
Library and Information Science
<p>This paper reviews a wide range of scholarly and popular literature to provide an overview of the current state of online user–generated content (UGC). We describe the UGC value chain, introduce three varieties of content (creative content, small–scale tools, and collaboratively–created content), and describe the factors unique to each variety. We then identify the common elements across varieties: motivations for content creation, mechanisms to support content creation and control content quality, and value creation. Throughout the article we identify the interrelationships between social and commercial forces on UGC creation and distribution.</p>
<p>Originally published in First Monday 17(6), June 2012.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/55
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1058
2016-10-27T14:49:56Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
User-generated content 2: Policy implications.
McNally, Michael B.
Trosow, Samuel E.
Whippey, Caroline
Burkell, Jacquelyn
McKenzie, Pamela J.
Article
2012-06-01T07:00:00Z
First Monday
Library and Information Science
<p>This paper examines the policy dimensions of user–generated content (UGC). It argues that policy–makers must create a policy environment that both balances both creator and end user’s rights and allows for the flourishing of UGC production and distribution because of both its economic and cultural value and ability to stimulate innovation. This paper emphasizes that UGC is an important creative outlet because it possesses either or both originality and transformativity. It discusses the multitude of means through which UGC generates value, serves as a medium for cultural expression and allows innovative activity. Despite the importance of UGC numerous barriers exist to inhibit its production including private ordering mechanisms such as licenses and technological protection measures and both major branches of intellectual property law (patents and copyrights). This paper reviews the current policy framework for UGC in the U.S., U.K., and E.U. before presenting a case study of the proposed UGC exception in Canadian copyright law. It concludes by discussing the how policy–makers can create a flourishing UGC environment and provides specific policy recommendations.</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/54
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1059
2016-10-27T15:25:31Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Facets of serendipity in everyday chance encounter: A grounded theory approach to blog analysis
Rubin, Victoria L
Burkell, Jacquelyn
Quan-Haase, Anabel
Article
2011-01-01T08:00:00Z
serendipity
grounded theory
blog analysis
Information Research
Library and Information Science
<p><strong>Introduction.</strong> This paper explores serendipity in the context of everyday life by analyzing naturally occurring accounts of chance encounters in blogs.<br /><strong>Method.</strong> We constructed forty-four queries related to accidental encounters to retrieve accounts from GoogleBlog. From among the returned results, we selected fifty-six accounts that provided a rich description including a mention of an accidental find and a fortuitous outcome.<br /><strong>Analysis.</strong> We employed grounded theory to identify facets of serendipity and to explore their inter-connections.<br /><strong>Results.</strong> Based on the literature and the data analysis, we developed a model in which the find brings together all the facets of the serendipitous encounter. A person with a prepared mind (Facet A) realises the relevance of the find in the act of noticing (Facet B). The find is what people encounter by chance (Facet C) and what leads to a fortuitous outcome (Facet D). The find is the essence of the re-telling of the story, which involves reframing the encounter with the find as serendipitous.<br /><strong>Conclusions.</strong>Understanding everyday serendipity will allow for the effective support of serendipity in information technology. Our results suggest information systems should focus on enhancing the facets of noticing and prepared mind.</p>
<p>Originally published in <em>Information Research. </em>http://www.informationr.net/ir/16-3/paper488.html</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/56
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1061
2016-10-27T18:27:14Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Let’s Not Get Psyched Out of Privacy: Reflections on Withdrawing Consent to the Collection, Use and Disclosure of Personal Information
Barrigar, Jennifer
Burkell, Jacquelyn
Kerr, Ian
Article
2006-01-01T08:00:00Z
Canadian Business Law Journal
54
71
Law
Library and Information Science
<p>The technologies that we use and the values we embrace construct an information hungry society. Our mass adoption of them has transformed many of us into information junkies, and those whose business it is to feed our info-pangs continuously demand quid pro quo: in order to get information, you must give some up. In this article, we investigate PIPEDA’s conception of consent, with special emphasis on the right of individuals to withdraw consent. </p>
<p>Originally published in the <em>Canadian Business Law Journal.</em></p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/57
oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:fimspub-1060
2016-10-27T18:14:58Z
publication:fimspub
publication:fims
publication:faculties
Revisiting the four horsemen of the infopocalypse: Representations of anonymity and the Internet in Canadian newspapers
Carey, Robert
Burkell, Jacquelyn
Article
2007-01-01T08:00:00Z
anonymity
privacy
networked information technology
Canadian media
First Monday
http://dx.doi.org/10.5210/fm.v12i8.1999
Library and Information Science
<p>The concept of anonymity is central to much discussion about the Internet. In this paper, we wish to identify the term’s work in the context of more expansive claims about the function, value and consequences of networked information technology in society. We argue that themes and topics in a sample of Canadian print news stories are exemplary of a discourse about the Internet in which anonymity is portrayed as an element that facilitates positive or negative social outcomes of the technology.</p>
<p>First published in <em>First Monday. </em></p>
<p>http://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/1999</p>
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/fimspub/58
686932/simple-dublin-core/100//